Discovering new genes for alfalfa (Medicago sativa) growth and biomass resilience in combined salinity and Phoma medicaginis infection through GWAS

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dc.contributor.authorMnafgui, Wiem
dc.contributor.authorJabri, Cheima
dc.contributor.authorJihnaoui, Nada
dc.contributor.authorMaiza, Nourhene
dc.contributor.authorGuerchi, Amal
dc.contributor.authorZaidi, Nawres
dc.contributor.authorBasson, Gerhard
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-06T17:36:12Z
dc.date.available2025-01-06T17:36:12Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractSalinity and Phoma medicaginis infection represent significant challenges for alfalfa cultivation in South Africa, Europe, Australia, and, particularly, Tunisia. These constraints have a severe impact on both yield and quality. The primary aim of this study was to establish the genetic basis of traits associated with biomass and growth of 129 Medicago sativa genotypes through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) under combined salt and P. medicaginis infection stresses. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the variation in these traits could be primarily attributed to genotype effects. Among the test genotypes, the length of the main stem, the number of ramifications, the number of chlorotic leaves, and the aerial fresh weight exhibited the most significant variation. The broad-sense heritability (H-2) was relatively high for most of the assessed traits, primarily due to genetic factors. Cluster analysis, applied to morpho-physiological traits under the combined stresses, revealed three major groups of accessions. Subsequently, a GWAS analysis was conducted to validate significant associations between 54,866 SNP-filtered single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and seven traits. The study identified 27 SNPs that were significantly associated with the following traits: number of healthy leaves (two SNPs), number of chlorotic leaves (five SNPs), number of infected necrotic leaves (three SNPs), aerial fresh weight (six SNPs), aerial dry weight (nine SNPs), number of ramifications (one SNP), and length of the main stem (one SNP). Some of these markers are related to the ionic transporters, cell membrane rigidity (related to salinity tolerance), and the NBS_LRR gene family (associated with disease resistance). These findings underscore the potential for selecting alfalfa genotypes with tolerance to the combined constraints of salinity and P. medicaginis infection.
dc.description.sponsorshipTunisian-South African project; Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research; FP7-ArimNet project REFORMA - Governments of Italy, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia; [LR15 CBBC02]
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This research was funded by the Tunisian-South African project (2019-2024) and the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (LR15 CBBC02). The plant material was generated by the FP7-ArimNet project REFORMA funded by the Governments of Italy, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia.
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fpls.2024.1348168
dc.identifier.issn1664-462X
dc.identifier.pmid38756967
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85193212779
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1348168
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14669/1801
dc.identifier.volume15
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001223260500001
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/A
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherFrontiers Media Sa
dc.relation.ispartofFrontiers in Plant Science
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_20241211
dc.subjectalfalfa
dc.subjectbiomass traits
dc.subjectgenetic resources
dc.subjectGWAS
dc.subjectPhoma medicaginis
dc.subjectsalinity
dc.subjectstress tolerance
dc.titleDiscovering new genes for alfalfa (Medicago sativa) growth and biomass resilience in combined salinity and Phoma medicaginis infection through GWAS
dc.typeArticle

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