Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu

Bu koleksiyon için kalıcı URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14669/3

Listeleniyor 1 - 20 / 1965

Machine Learning-Based Classification of Albanian Wines by Grape Variety, Using Phenolic Compound Dataset
(MDPI, 2025) Topi, Ardiana; Kasaj, Agim; Hudhra, Daniel; Kelebek, Hasim; Guclu, Gamze; Selli, Serkan; Topi, Dritan
Wine phenolics serve as robust chemical signatures correlated to grape variety, processing, and regional identity. This study explores the potential of machine learning algorithms, combined with the phenolic profiles of Albanian wines, to classify them according to grape variety. Geographic origin analysis was conducted as a preliminary exploration. The dataset of phenolic compounds included white and red wines, spanning the 2017 to 2021 vintages. Using five supervised algorithms-Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, XGBoost, Logistic Regression, and K-Nearest Neighbors-a high classification accuracy was achieved, with SVM reaching 100% under Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation (LOOCV). To address class imbalance, the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) and stratified cross-validation were applied. Random Forest feature importance consistently highlighted trans-Fertaric acid and Procyanidin B3 as dominant discriminants. Parallel coordinates plots demonstrated clear varietal patterns driven by phenolic differences, while PCA and hierarchical clustering confirmed unsupervised grouping consistent with wine type and maceration level. Permutation testing (1000 iterations) confirmed the non-randomness of model performance. These findings show that a small set of phenolic markers can offer high classification accuracy, supporting chemically based wine authentication. Although the dataset is relatively small, thorough cross-validation, non-redundant modeling, and chemical interpretability provide a solid foundation for scalable methods. Future work will expand the dataset and explore sensor-based phenolic measurement to enable rapid authentication in wine.
Resource efficiency and environmental sustainability of wheat production in Türkiye
(Nature Portfolio, 2025) Ozturk, Mujdat; Yildizhan, Hasan; Ameen, Arman
The environmental impact of agricultural production varies depending on input levels. This study provides a comparative sustainability assessment of wheat production in two different provinces of T & uuml;rkiye, Samsun and Tokat, by examining the energy, exergy and environmental performance on a per ton basis. Based on exergy consumption, Cumulative Degree of Perfection (CDP) and Renewability Index (RI) indicators were determined. The results show that Cumulative Energy Consumption (CEnC) is 7262.93 MJ/ton in Samsun and 3502.97 MJ/ton in Tokat. This indicates that wheat production in Samsun is approximately twice as energy intensive as in Tokat. Cumulative Exergy Consumption (CExC) was calculated as 10514.76 MJ/ton in Samsun and 5400.88 MJ/ton in Tokat. Here, the largest component of the exergy load is irrigation, followed by diesel consumption. From an environmental perspective, Cumulative CO2 Emissions (CCO2E) was found to be 957.5 kg/ton in Samsun and 562.27 kg/ton in Tokat. The sustainability metrics, CDP and RI values, were calculated as 2.13 and 0.53 for Samsun and 4.14 and 0.76 for Tokat, respectively. Based on these findings, it is evident that Samsun has lower exergetic efficiency and a limited degree of renewability due to higher fuel and irrigation inputs. These results suggest that Tokat presents a more sustainable model for wheat production.
Thermodynamic and environmental assessment of apple production in Türkiye: regional comparison and agrivoltaic integration
(Nature Portfolio, 2025) Ozturk, Mujdat; Kayabasi, Ramazan; Yildizhan, Hasan; Ameen, Arman
This study presents a comprehensive thermodynamic and environmental assessment of apple cultivation across three major production regions in T & uuml;rkiye: Antalya, Isparta and Ni & gbreve;de. This study is the first to provide an integrated energy, exergy and environmental assessment of agricultural voltaic systems by conducting a resource efficiency and sustainability assessment for open field apple production in T & uuml;rkiye. Using a functional unit of one ton of apple production, the analysis integrates cumulative energy consumption (CEnC), cumulative exergy consumption (CExC) and cumulative carbon dioxide emissions (CCO2E) to reveal the sustainability performance of regional farming systems. The results indicate significant spatial variations linked to climatic and operational factors. Ni & gbreve;de exhibited the highest total energy (3098 MJ/ton) and exergy (2975 MJ/ton) consumptions, mainly due to diesel-powered irrigation and mechanization, resulting in a cumulative carbon footprint of 125 kg CO2/ton. Conversely, Antalya recorded the lowest total emissions (33 kg CO2/ton) with a balanced energy profile dominated by fertilizers and electricity use. Isparta demonstrated the most thermodynamically efficient and renewable system, achieving the highest cumulative degree of perfection (CDP) (3.80) and Renewability Index (RI) (0.74) values. The integration of agrivoltaic systems (AVS) has further enhanced sustainability across all provinces, particularly in Ni & gbreve;de, by increasing CDP by up to 97%. These findings highlight the significant role that renewable energy integration plays in reducing carbon intensity and increasing resource efficiency in apple cultivation. By providing a region-specific perspective on agricultural thermodynamics, the study provides strategic insights into the transition to sustainable and climate-resilient food production systems in T & uuml;rkiye.
The Frictional Impact with Rebound for 3D Printed Surfaces
(MDPI, 2025) Akhan, Ahmet Faruk; Marghitu, Dan
This research explores the oblique impact with rebound of a rigid rod and 3D-printed surfaces with varying infill ratios. A visco-elastic contact model is developed using normal impact experiments and then confirmed with oblique impact experiments. The force coefficients are determined using a genetic algorithm. The impact on the polylactic acid surface is defined by a coefficient of restitution, coefficient of friction, and the coefficients of the contact force. The simulations demonstrate good compatibility with the experimental data.
A Novel Comparative Approach: Logistic Regression Enhanced by Bat Optimization Versus Logistic Regression Enhanced by Deep Belief Network for Remote Homologous Protein Detection
(IEEE-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc, 2025) Gemci, Fahriye; Ibrikci, Turgay; Cevik, Ulus
Identifying remote homologous proteins is an important field in computational biology. An experimental study was conducted to find a solution to this using machine learning, and natural language processing algorithms. The SCOP 1.53 dataset, which has 54 families, was used. In this study, two different new designs were developed. As a preprocessing step, some numerical features were obtained from protein sequences using the TF-IDF vectorization method. Then, data augmentation was performed using the SMOTE-Tomek algorithm. The same preprocessing steps were used in the both methods. One of our new methods is a classification study using a two-stage Logistic Regression, and Deep Belief Network (LR-DBN), with an average accuracy of 77%, and with an F1 score of 75%. The other is also a classification study using a Logistic Regression method with Bat optimization (LR-B), with an average accuracy of 84%, and with an F1 score of 86%. LR-B with the SMOTE-Tomek method outperformed with an ROC-AUC score of 89%. Although LR-DBN with the SMOTE-Tomek method slightly performed poorly than LR-B with the SMOTE-Tomek method, it performed well in detecting remote homologous proteins.
Zinc Borate (ZnB)-Incorporated Electrospun Polycaprolactone (PCL) Fibers: Multifunctional Antimicrobial Materials
(Korean Fiber Society, 2025) Capkin Yurtsever, Merve; Cetin, Ilayda Nur; Iyigundogdu, Zeynep
In this study, due to its multifunctional nature, zinc borate (ZnB) was incorporated into electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers in various concentrations (1.5%, 3.5%, 5%, wt%). The homogenous fiber morphology, the varying fiber diameter distribution, and the presence of ZnB in PCL fibers were shown by SEM/EDS and FTIR analysis. TGA analysis revealed that the addition of ZnB into the matrix enhanced the thermal stability of polymer as evidenced by an increase in the temperature at 10% mass loss (T10) from 365 degrees C to 390 degrees C. The fire-retardant performance of the PCL fibers, as assessed by the calculated limiting oxygen index (LOI), exhibited an improvement from 17.65 to 18.83 upon the incorporation of 5 wt% ZnB. Mechanical test results revealed that the tensile strength increased from 2.36 MPa to 3.46 MPa, while the Young's modulus decreased from 25.06 MPa to 17.99 MPa for PCL-Control and 5 ZnB-PCL fibers, respectively. ZnB-PCL fibers had potent antibacterial effects against both Gram-positive, Gram-negative, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and fungal strains. Furthermore, cytocompatibility analysis using mouse fibroblast cells (L929) indicated that ZnB-PCL fibers supported cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, even in 5 ZnB-PCL fibers containing the highest amount of ZnB. The development of a material that simultaneously exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity while supporting cell viability and proliferation is highly significant. In this context, the findings of this study suggest that ZnB-PCL fibers are promising candidates for wound dressings and tissue engineering scaffolds with improved mechanical and biological properties, as well as industrial fields requiring antimicrobial properties.
An Examination of Can Yücel'sTranslation of Sonnet 66 within the Framework of Habitus
(Rector CIU Cyprus Int Univ, 2025) Uysal, Aysegul
This study aims to explain the poet-translator Can Y & uuml;cel's translation strategies, focusing on his translation of the 66th Sonnet by the English poet William Shakespeare. The study employs a descriptive analysis method and scrutinizes the poet-translator Y & uuml;cel's writings, as well as his social environment, his father's activities, and the period in which they lived. To conduct the descriptive analysis, I employed the concept of habitus as developed by Pierre Bourdieu, one of the most influential sociologists of the post-World War II Era. Hasan Acirc;li Y & uuml;cel, then the Minister of Education, initiated a 'Translation Movement', which can be marked as a turning point for language studies in the Republican Era. This movement aimed to establish a cultural repertoire by translating works from both Eastern and Western literatures into Turkish, contributing to the establishment of a national identity. Educated in England and having studied German philology in Turkey, the son of Minister Y & uuml;cel, Can Y & uuml;cel, also translated English classics into the Turkish language. He called himself a Turkish teller rather than a translator. His translation strategies were considered unique. By comparing his translation of Sonnet 66th with two other Turkish translations, this study identifies his characteristic translation strategies. The findings indicate that Can Y & uuml;cel's habitus shaped his translation strategies, reflecting the norms of his social environment and his aim to reach his people through his style.
Effect of Pinus radiata extract on the properties and performance of sodium alginate and kappa-carrageenan composite films
(Springer, 2025) Bhatia, Saurabh; Jawad, Muhammad; Shah, Yasir Abbas; Chinnam, Sampath; Al-Harrasi, Ahmed; Koca, Esra; Aydemir, Levent Yurdaer; Alam, Tanveer; Mohan, Syam; Zoghebi, Khalid; Khalid, Asaad
Composite films of sodium alginate and kappa carrageenan (SAC) enriched with Pinus radiata bark extract (EnPBE) were fabricated using the casting method. The effects of varying EnPBE concentrations (0.1-1% v/v) on the SAC-based films were comprehensively evaluated. Assessments included surface color measurement, surface hydrophobicity, atomic force microscopy, transparency analysis, barrier properties, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and antioxidant analysis. Thermal properties were analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Additionally, in-vitro release studies were performed to study the release behavior of the EnPBE. The findings revealed that increasing the EnPBE concentration led to a notable decrease in the swelling index and film transparency, while thickness, moisture content, water permeation, and flexibility increased. Color analysis revealed a significant increase in the red/green value (a*) and yellow/blue value (b*) of the films, consistent with visual observations. The water contact angle values decreased from 49.06 degrees to 41.45 degrees with the addition of EnPBE. Moreover, the release of the extract in both aqueous and methanolic environments showed a significant increase at higher concentrations. DPPH and ABTS antioxidant assays demonstrated a concentration-dependent increase in the free radical/cation scavenging capacity of the films. The surface roughness of the films increased with the addition of EnPBE, consistent with SEM results that showed particles on the surface of EnPBE-loaded films. TGA and DSC analyses demonstrated improved thermal stability of the films with the incorporation of EnPBE.
The expanded theory of planned behavior for energy saving among academics in Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, and Slovakia
(Nature Portfolio, 2025) Puiu, Silvia; Yilmaz, Sidika Ece; Udristioiu, Mihaela Tinca; Raganova, Janka; Raykova, Zhelyazka; Yildizhan, Hasan; Ameen, Arman
Given the escalating global energy consumption and the concurrent economic and energy crises, energy-saving behaviour must be adopted on a large scale. Universities that are energy-intensive institutions should be one of the institutions where energy-saving behaviour is widely adopted. Academics devote a substantial portion of their time to their offices, which leads to increased energy usage. However, no study has investigated academics' energy-saving behaviours in the literature. Most studies focus on students or employees in various organizations. Our study tries to cover the gap by examining the energy-saving behaviour of academics in four countries (Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, and Slovakia) based on the expanded Theory of Planned Behaviour. A questionnaire was distributed to 228 academics from the four countries to gather data. The research hypotheses were tested using partial least squares structural equation modelling. The findings show that individual factors (attitude and perceived behaviour control) influence the energy-saving intention of academics but not the organisational factors due to the weak identification with their universities. The study offers valuable insights for policymakers seeking to promote energy-saving programs in academic institutions. The academics can be seen as role models for their students which emphasizes the need to study more their sustainable behaviours.
Extraction and applications of frankincense oleoresin as functional ingredient in pectin/sodium-alginate composite films for active packaging
(Elsevier, 2025) Shah, Yasir Abbas; Bhatia, Saurabh; Al-Harrasi, Ahmed; Tarahi, Mohammad; Jawad, Muhammad; Alam, Tanveer; Diblan, Sevgin; Koca, Esra; Aydemir, Levent Yurdaer; Thekkuden, Dinu Thomas; Imam, Faisal; Al-Harbi, Naif
The composite films fabricated by incorporating frankincense oleoresin (FOR) into pectin and sodium alginate matrices, were underwent several analysis including thickness, mechanical strength, barrier properties, color attributes, morphological structure, surface roughness, chemical composition, crystalline nature, as well as evaluations of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The findings of the study indicated an increase in the thickness of the film samples with the addition of FOR however reduction in both tensile strength (from 9.59 to 2.58 MPa) and elongation at break (from 9.85 % to 3.22 %) was observed. The water vapor permeability of the developed films demonstrated an increase from 0.411 to 0.878 (g*mm)/(m2*h*kPa). Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) imaging results indicated a reduction in the surface roughness of films upon the addition of FOR. Additionally, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra unveiled chemical interactions between the film-forming polymers and FOR. Furthermore, a significant enhancement in the antioxidant activity was observed in films incorporating FOR, compared to the control group. These FOR-loaded film samples demonstrated antimicrobial effects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while no inhibitory zones were observed against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. In summary, the outcomes of this investigation highlight the promising potential of pectin/sodium alginate composite films containing FOR in packaging applications.
The relationship between perinatal depression, anxiety, and sexist beliefs
(Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 2025) Karaman, Imran Gokcen Yilmaz; Gunduez, Tugce; Kocabacak, Hale; Velipasaoglu, Melih; Kacar, Cennet Yastibas; Alamanac, Blanca Bolea
Objective: Exposure to sexism is negatively associated with women's mental health. On the other hand, there is limited research in the literature on sexism and mental health during pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between common mental disorders during pregnancy, such as depression and anxiety, and sexist beliefs. Method: For this scope, 170 pregnant women over 18 were contacted. All participants completed information forms measuring sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale, the Multidimensional The correlation coefficient was calculated for the relationships between variables. Two separate hierarchical regression models were tested to determine the predictors of depression and anxiety. Results: Depression and anxiety had different characteristics in terms of predictive variables. Consistent with the literature, negative affect, partner involvement, and perceived social support significantly predict both depression and anxiety. Negative affect and partner involvement are factors of the Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale. However, there is no common predictive variable other than those three. In addition to this common triad, internalized hostile sexism significantly predicts depression. Moreover, low education and health problems related to pregnancy are significant variables in predicting only anxiety levels but not depression. In this respect, the findings show that there are variables that predict prenatal depression and anxiety in common, as well as different predictors of these two mental health problems observed in the perinatal period. Discussion: Hostile sexist beliefs of pregnant women are not associated with anxiety but predict perinatal depression.
Compact metasurface antenna for Sub-6 GHz applications with isolated n77/n78 bands using CSRR
(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2025) Varshney, Atul; Kumar, Satyam; Gencoglan, Duygu Nazan; Tiwari, Satyam; Ara, Shabnam; Elfergani, Issa; Zebiri, Chemseddine; Rodriguez, Jonathan
A compact (0.35 lambda 0 x 0.35 lambda 0 where lambda 0 is free space wavelength at the lower resonance frequency 3.50 GHz) bio-inspired tulip flower-shaped antenna (TFSA) is proposed. A double negative (DNG) metamaterial complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) is introduced near the feed in the hybrid triangular-circular patch which inserts a notch-band (4.20-4.38 GHz) in the wide bandwidth (3.15-7.05 GHz) and makes the antenna response dual-band. Consequently, this results in in-band interference reduction in 5G-Sub-6 GHz applications. A slotted FSS is placed at a distance of 28.507 mm beneath the monopole-reduced ground of the antenna to enhance the reduced gain from 4.39 dBi to 7.22 dBi. A further gain is improved to 12.84 dBi by placing a full copper surface (0.35 lambda 0 x 0.35 lambda 0 ) as the reflector layer is placed below FSS at 1.6 mm. Finally, prototyped TFSA with FSS and reflector model achieve a dual bands reflection coefficient response (3.15-4.20 GHz): n77/n78, and (4.38-7.03 GHz): n46/n47/n96/n102/n79. The antenna reflection coefficient is tested using Keysight 14 GHz FieldFox Microwave Analyzer N9916A, and radiation patterns in the E-plane and H-plane are measured using an 18 GHz anechoic chamber. The comparison of simulated results with measured results is found an excellent match in bandwidth and with shapes of gain radiation patterns. The reflector and FSS jointly make the radiation pattern strong in the E-plane above the TFSA radiator. The antenna is well suited for n77/n78 (3.30-4.20 GHz), n79(4.40-4.99 GHz), n46 (5150-5925 MHz), n47 (5855-5925 MHz), n96/n102 (5925-6425 MHz), 5.8 GHz HiperLAN, WiMAX 3.5 GHz applications. An electrical equivalent circuit model of the proposed TFSA antenna is presented and validated using ADS software.
Cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of heavy machinery manufacturing: a case study in Türkiye
(Springer Heidelberg, 2025) Uctug, Fehmi Gorkem; Ediger, Volkan S.; Kucuker, Mehmet Ali; Berk, Istemi; Inan, Ali; Fereidani, Bahar Moghadasi
PurposeAmidst accelerated industrialization and urbanization, the surge in heavy equipment production, crucial for construction, mining, industry, and transportation, necessitates a comprehensive examination of its environmental implications from a sustainability standpoint. This study aims to scrutinize the environmental impacts of manufacturing forklifts and semi-trailers in T & uuml;rkiye, employing the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology.MethodsThe life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology is the foundational framework for evaluating the environmental impacts associated with forklift and semi-trailer manufacturing. A cradle-to-gate approach was employed. CCaLC2 software alongside the Ecoinvent 3.0 database and CML LCIA methodology was used.ResultsThe carbon footprint analysis reveals that the production of a single forklift and semi-trailer generates 10.8 tons CO2eq. and 24.9 tons CO2eq. of emissions, respectively. Considering the mass of the machinery, these figures translate to 2.8 ton CO2eq./ton machinery and 1.57 ton CO2eq/ton machinery for the forklift and semi-trailer, respectively. These results were found to be consistent with values reported for similar (but not identical) heavy machinery. Notably, the predominant share of environmental impact stems from raw material acquisition for both products, with subsequent contributions from various production stages. Steel utilization emerges as the primary contributor to all environmental impact categories, constituting an average contribution of 75%. Noteworthy exceptions include the acidification potential of forklift production, where the incorporation of the engine emerges as the primary hotspot with a significant 38% contribution.ConclusionsThe findings present the environmental footprint associated with forklift and semi-trailer manufacturing, emphasizing the pivotal role of raw material acquisition, particularly steel utilization. Insights derived from this environmental impact assessment provide invaluable guidance for enhancing environmental sustainability. Decision-makers and industry stakeholders can leverage these conclusions to implement targeted measures, such as exploring alternative materials or refining production processes, to mitigate the environmental consequences of resource-intensive heavy equipment manufacturing, aligning with broader sustainability objectives.
Proniosomal encapsulation of olive leaf extract for improved delivery of oleuropein: Towards the valorization of an agro-industrial byproduct
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2025) Ilgaz, Ceren; Casula, Luca; Sarais, Giorgia; Schlich, Michele; Dessi, Debora; Cardia, Maria Cristina; Sinico, Chiara; Kadiroglu, Pinar; Lai, Francesco
Olive leaf, a by-product of the olive oil industry, is rich in bioactive compounds, including the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory oleuropein. Olive leaf extracts have been explored for nutraceutical applications, but oleuropein's low bioavailability and stability limit its use in food and supplements. This work aimed to mitigate these issues by nano-encapsulating the olive leaf extract in proniosomes-free-flowing powders that form niosomes upon hydration. These niosomes can then be further processed into dosage forms or incorporated into functional foods. Proniosomes based on lactose or mannitol were developed and characterized. Hydration of the proniosomes yielded niosomes with high oleuropein loading and antioxidant activity. These niosomes controlled oleuropein release in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids, protecting it from degradation. Furthermore, niosomal encapsulation enhanced protection against oxidative stress in intestinal cells compared to the unformulated extract, suggesting improved intracellular delivery and making this formulation a suitable candidate as a functional food ingredient.
High-Performance NiO/PANI/ZnNb2O6 Composites for EMI Shielding: Structural Insights and Microwave Shielding Effectiveness in the Sub-8 GHz Range
(MDPI, 2025) Emek, Mehriban; Sahin, Ethem Ilhan; Ibrahim, Jamal-Eldin F. M.
The increasing demand for high-frequency applications and the widespread use of electromagnetic (EM) waves in communication systems necessitate the development of effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials. This study investigates the structural and shielding effectiveness properties of novel polyaniline (PANI)-based NiO/ZnNb2O6 composites for sub-8 GHz applications. NiO and ZnNb2O6 were synthesized via conventional solid-state reactions and combined with PANI to form composites with varying compositions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the successful formation of single-phase NiO and ZnNb2O6, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed well-defined microstructures, contributing to enhanced shielding efficiency. Shielding effectiveness (SE) measurements were performed across the 0-8 GHz frequency range using a vector network analyzer. Among the compositions tested, the epoxy-based NiO-ZnNb2O6 (75-25% by weight) with a 1:1 PANI ratio exhibited the highest SE value of -41.16 dB (decibels) at 6.24 GHz, demonstrating superior attenuation of EM waves. The observed shielding efficiency is attributed to multiple reflection effects, dipole interactions, and the conductive network formed by PANI. These findings highlight the potential of NiO/PANI/ZnNb2O6 composites as cost-effective, high-performance EMI shielding materials for next-generation microwave communication and electronic applications. Further optimization and hybridization approaches are recommended to enhance performance for broader frequency bands.
A Modular Hybrid SOC-Estimation Framework with a Supervisor for Battery Management Systems Supporting Renewable Energy Integration in Smart Buildings
(MDPI, 2025) Kurucan, Mehmet; Michailidis, Panagiotis; Michailidis, Iakovos; Minelli, Federico
Accurate state-of-charge (SOC) estimation is crucial in smart-building energy management systems, where rooftop photovoltaics and lithium-ion energy storage systems must be coordinated to align renewable generation with real-time demand. This paper introduces a novel, modular hybrid framework for SOC estimation, which synergistically combines the predictive power of artificial neural networks (ANNs), the logical consistency of finite state automata (FSA), and an adaptive dynamic supervisor layer. Three distinct ANN architectures-feedforward neural network (FFNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), and 1D convolutional neural network (1D-CNN)-are employed to extract comprehensive temporal and spatial features from raw data. The inherent challenge of ANNs producing physically irrational SOC values is handled by processing their raw predictions through an FSA module, which constrains physical validity by applying feasible transitions and domain constraints based on battery operational states. To further enhance the adaptability and robustness of the framework, two advanced supervisor mechanisms are developed for model selection during estimation. A lightweight rule-based supervisor picks a model transparently using recent performance scores and quick signal heuristics, whereas a more advanced double deep Q-network (DQN) reinforcement-learning supervisor continuously learns from reward feedback to adaptively choose the model that minimizes SOC error under changing conditions. This RL agent dynamically selects the most suitable ANN+FSA model, significantly improving performance under varying and unpredictable operational conditions. Comprehensive experimental validation demonstrates that the hybrid approach consistently outperforms raw ANN predictions and conventional extended Kalman filter (EKF)-based methods. Notably, the RL-based supervisor exhibits good adaptability and achieves lower error results in challenging high-variance scenarios.
CdCl2 treatment and its role in enhancing photodetection properties of CdTe and Cd1-xZnxTe films
(Elsevier, 2025) Yilmaz, S.; Basol, B. M.; Polat, I.; Daday, M. Taykurt; Tomakin, M.; Kucukomeroglu, T.; Bacaksiz, E.
Close space sublimated CdTe and Cd1-xZnxTe (CZT) films were grown on glass substrates and CdCl2 activation was applied on these films to improve their physical, optical and electrical characteristics for photodetector applications. X-ray diffraction data showed that CdCl2 treatment of CdTe caused a reduction in the dislocation density and microstrain, whereas Zn incorporation/CdCl2 treatment slightly increased these values compared to the as-deposited CdTe films. Morphological examination indicated that CdCl2 activation transformed grains from faceted to rounded shape for both CdTe and CZT films. A band gap enlargement was observed from 1.45 eV to 1.47 eV for both CdTe and CZT films upon CdCl2 treatment. CdCl2-treated CZT films were used to fabricate photodetectors that exhibited the highest performance with a rise/fall time of 27/28 ms, sensitivity of 1301 %, responsivity of 0.0143 A/W, detectivity of 5.7x107 Jones and external quantum efficiency of 4.0 % under blue light illumination at 2 V.
Impact of Ylang Ylang essential oil on the physical, thermal, and antioxidant properties of corn starch/bovine gelatin films
(Wiley, 2025) Bhatia, Saurabh; Jawad, Muhammad; Al-Harrasi, Ahmed; Shah, Yasir Abbas; Khan, Talha Shireen; Koca, Esra; Aydemir, Levent Yurdaer; Alyaqoobi, Sausan Suliem; Albroumi, Mohammed; Pratap-Singh, Anubhav
In the present study we evaluated the antioxidant activity, morphological, barrier, thermal, surface optical, and mechanical properties of corn starch/bovine gelatin-based films containing Ylang Ylang essential oil (YYEO) with various concentrations (0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%) were incorporated in the film matrix. The obtained findings indicated that the tensile strength of the fabricated films did not show any significant difference. The addition of YYEO to composite films led to notable enhancements in their properties, including an increase in elongation at break (15.86%-54.78%), water solubility (35.66%-49.49%), moisture content (13.61%-19.03%), and swelling index (347%-453%). The film containing YYEO exhibited greater water vapor permeability compared to the control film. Additionally, the swelling ratio of all YYEO-enriched films was noticeably lower than that of the control films. The incorporation of YYEO also improved the hydrophobicity of the biocomposite films. Thermal analysis demonstrated enhanced thermal stability with the addition of YYEO. Furthermore, antioxidant assays, such as DPPH and ABTS, revealed a significant boost in antioxidant activity in the oil-loaded films. This study explores the use of YYEO in developing composite films made from corn starch and gelatin. The resulting films demonstrate a good potential for use in food packaging applications.
Effects of visual working memory load and item priority on susceptibility to distraction and memory accuracy
(Springer Heidelberg, 2025) Gunduz, Hasan; Gunduz, Turan; de Fockert, Jan W.
Visual working memory (VWM) can store multiple items with varying degrees of attentional priority. We investigated how different load and prioritization status of memory items affected both memory precision and distractor resistance. We used a dual-task paradigm in which 48 participants encoded sets of oriented Gabor patches and completed a flanker task during the retention interval. The design varied status of memory items as currently relevant (CR), and future relevant (FR) and their load as one and two across three load conditions using retro-cues. Results showed that increasing CR load reduced distractor interference and memory precision, while increasing FR load had no effect on either measure. Importantly, no consistent advantage was observed for prioritized items in later memory tests, aligning with recent findings that retro-cue benefits can degrade under external attentional demands. These results support a functional dissociation between CR and FR items in VWM and highlight how attentional state-not memory load alone-shapes the functional impact of VWM representations.
Improving road safety in rural areas: An examination of the traffic safety climate in rural Wales
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2025) Tekes, Burcu; Musselwhite, Charles; Bicaksiz, Pinar
Although there is a body of research conducted on traffic safety and driver behaviors in the UK, studies on traffic safety climate, particularly in rural Wales, are limited. In this study, the effect of traffic safety climate in Wales on several driving-related characteristics was investigated and expected to find a difference between rural and urban Wales. The model investigated the moderator role of rural/urban areas on the relationship between traffic safety climate and driver behaviors, driver anger, anger expression, and driver risk. Using data from 346 participants, we found that drivers in rural areas perceive traffic as having more internal requirements, but also engage in more risk-taking, whereas drivers in urban areas score higher in aggressive violations and verbal aggressive expression. In the following steps, we found links between traffic safety climate and various driver-related outcomes, and this link differs across drivers living in rural and urban areas. These findings suggest the need for tailored strategies to address road safety in rural areas in Wales.

Güncel Gönderiler