The assessment of soil contamination by heavy metals using geostatistical sequential Gaussian simulation method

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dc.contributor.authorErsoy, Adem
dc.contributor.authorYunsel, Tayfun Yusuf
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-06T17:38:20Z
dc.date.available2025-01-06T17:38:20Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.description.abstractSoil contamination by heavy metals is continuously increasing with a great attention in the world. Because, these elements negatively affect living life and the ecosystem. A total of 652 surface soil samples were collected at 100, 200, 400m regular grid intervals from the study area in Turkey. The observed data does not show normal distribution. Cell declustering was done due to fact that data are not normal. Directional experimental semivariogram of the Cu and Ni showed that both geometric and zonal anisotropy exists in the data. Pb, Zn, Cr and Ba are qualified with omnidirectional experimental semivariogram models. The semivariograms characterized by spherical and Gaussian models of the elements were achieved. Geostatistical sequential Gaussian simulation (SGS) was applied to the study. A hundred simulated realizations depicted the spatial distribution and uncertainty of the elements in the site using a probabilistic approach which produced maps of the heavy metals. These maps showed contaminated and uncontaminated areas in the study site. The results revealed that 23%, 27%, and 24% of the study area at 60% probability were contaminated by the heavy metals including Cu, Cr, and Ni respectively. SGS results have been verified by a number of tests.
dc.description.sponsorshipUnit of Individual Research Projects, Adana Science and Technology University [17103027]
dc.description.sponsorshipUnit of Individual Research Projects (17103027), Adana Science and Technology University, provided partial financial support for the study.
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/10807039.2018.1440528
dc.identifier.endpage2161
dc.identifier.issn1080-7039
dc.identifier.issn1549-7860
dc.identifier.issue8
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85042904545
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage2142
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2018.1440528
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14669/2551
dc.identifier.volume24
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000437339700010
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherTaylor & Francis Inc
dc.relation.ispartofHuman and Ecological Risk Assessment
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_20241211
dc.subjectheavy metal
dc.subjectsoil contamination
dc.subjectgeostatistical simulation
dc.subjectmapping
dc.subjectspatial distribution
dc.titleThe assessment of soil contamination by heavy metals using geostatistical sequential Gaussian simulation method
dc.typeArticle

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