A compact hybrid reconfigurable antenna using two PIN diodes for C band (4-8 GHZ) applications

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dc.contributor.authorIyikan, Mustafa Can
dc.contributor.authorGencoglan, Duygu Nazan
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-27T07:32:55Z
dc.date.available2026-02-27T07:32:55Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractThis study presents a compact and high-performance hybrid reconfigurable antenna capable of both frequency and radiation pattern reconfiguration using only two PIN diodes integrated with a bias tee circuit. Designed for C-band applications, the antenna occupies a miniaturized footprint of 15 x 23 x 1.6 mm3 and is fabricated on an FR-4 substrate (epsilon r = 4.4, tan delta = 0.02). It consists of a rectangular monopole radiator and two parasitic elements, whose connectivity is controlled through diode switching to achieve dynamic reconfigurability. The antenna supports five distinct resonance frequencies across four switching states ( 00, 01, 10, and 11), covering 4.5 GHz to 7.83 GHz, and enables multiple radiation pattern configurations. These resonance frequencies are at 6.26 GHz( Case 1-00), 5.53 GHz ( Case 2- 01), 4.9 & 7.67 GHz( Case 3-10), and 5 GHz ( Case 4-11), respectively. The integrated bias tee ensures effective RF/DC isolation and low insertion loss, enhancing switching performance and addressing a common limitation in previous designs. Simulated and measured results show strong agreement, with reflection coefficients below -15 dB and peak values reaching -40 dB. The antenna achieves radiation efficiencies between 81% and 92.4% and gain values from 1.93 to 3.61 dBi. Compared to state-of-the-art designs, this antenna offers superior miniaturization, fewer switches, broader reconfigurability, and practical biasing integration, which makes it well-suited for compact, energy-efficient, and adaptive wireless communication systems.
dc.identifier.doi10.1088/1402-4896/adf6e8
dc.identifier.issn0031-8949
dc.identifier.issn1402-4896
dc.identifier.issue8
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/adf6e8
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14669/4386
dc.identifier.volume100
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001549239300001
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherIOP Publishing Ltd
dc.relation.ispartofPhysica Scripta
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararas� Hakemli Dergi - Kurum ��retim Eleman�
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_20260302
dc.subjectReconfigurable antenna
dc.subjectfrequency reconfiguration
dc.subjectpattern reconfigurability
dc.subjectPIN diodes
dc.subjectminiaturized design
dc.subjectC-band
dc.titleA compact hybrid reconfigurable antenna using two PIN diodes for C band (4-8 GHZ) applications
dc.typeArticle

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