Thresholds in the Technology-Driven Renewable Energy Transition
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This study examines the nonlinear impacts of technological development on the renewable energy transition in 54 countries from 2002 to 2019. The empirical findings indicate the following: (i) An increase in technology leads to an increase in renewable energy production in high-income countries, whereas technological development triggers nonrenewable energy production in low-income countries. (ii) Small government size and low levels of financial development hurt the technology-driven renewable transition in low-income countries, while large government size and greater levels of financial development crowd out the stimulative effects of technology on the clean transition in high-income countries. (iii) The highest volatility in the technology elasticity of renewable production comes from countries with different governance qualities. (iv) The renewable energy transition process entails a larger per capita income in high-income countries than in low-income countries.