How should leaders confront the "VUCA" outcomes? A comparison of authentic versus quantum leadership

Since ancient times, humanity has applied and investigated leadership terms and their structure to advance civilizations by utilizing productivity, collaboration, innovation, and creativity on account of keeping themselves surviving in tough challenges and unpredicted events. These events can be exemplified by the Ice Age, Migration Period, World Wars, and COVID-19 pandemic to compare the size of the impact on humanity. The VUCA para¬digm is an acronym to express the volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity aspects of the environment that affects humanity in different platforms such as business, organization, and social groups in daily life. In this regard, each human cluster requires leaders who have great attention of their followers and guide them to survive and obtain welfare during the consequences of challenging and unpredictable events of the VUCA paradigm. This study offers a detailed understanding of modern leadership elements such as authentic and quantum leadership that assist businesses and organizations during the severe effects of the VUCA paradigm by comparing each leadership style. © 2025 by Apple Academic Press, Inc. All rights reserved.