Development of angiotensin (II) imprinted nanoparticles
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Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Adana Alparslan Türkeş Bilim ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Anjiyotensin II (Ang II), vazokonstriksiyona ve kan basıncında artışa neden olan bir peptit hormonudur. Kan basıncını düzenleyen renin-anjiyotensin sisteminin bir parçasıdır. Ang II'nin kardiyovasküler denge üzerindeki rolü oldukça büyüktür. Bilimsel olarak kanıtlanmış kalp ve damar hastalıkları ile olan ilişkisi nedeniyle hastalıkların tespiti için kan serumunda önemli bir biyobelirteçtir. Moleküler baskılanmış polimerler (MIP), belirli bir hedef molekülün yüksek seçicilikle tanınmasını sağlayan afinite tabanlı polimerik destek malzemeleridir. Moleküler baskılama yöntemi, karmaşık bir ortamdan istenen molekülü (örn. protein, amino asit, peptit, iyon vb.) hızlı ve yüksek seçicilikle tanımak için çok sık kullanılan güvenilir bir tekniktir. Bu tez kapsamında sulu çözeltilerden Ang II tayini için miniemülsiyon polimerizasyon reaksiyonu ile Ang II baskılanmış nanopartiküller sentezlenmiştir. Hidroksietil metakrilat (HEMA) bazlı nanopartiküllerin (NP) hazırlanması için ikili faz karışımı hazırlanmıştır. Ang II baskılanmış (Ang II-MIPnp) ve baskılanmamış nanopartiküller (NIPnp) sentezlendikten sonra Zeta Boyut analizi, Taramalı Elektron mikroskobu (SEM), Geçirgen Elektron Mikroskobu (TEM) ve FTIR-ATR spektrofotometre ile karakterize edilmiştir. Daha sonra spesifik yüzey alanları hesaplanmıştır. NP'lerin ortalama partikül boyutu 50 nm olarak kaydedildi. Ang II-MIPnp ve NIPnp'in spesifik yüzey alanları sırasıyla 26903.4 ve 25868.9 m2/g olarak hesaplanmıştır. %98 başarı oranı ile Ang II molekülleri, Ang II-MIPnp'de şablona özgü boşluklar oluşturmak için polimerik yapıdan başarılı bir şekilde serbest bırakılmıştır. Ardından, Ang II moleküllerinin sulu çözeltilerinden adsorpsiyonu, tanıma bölgelerine bağlanma kapasiteleri açısından incelenmiştir. NP'lerin Ang II adsorpsiyonunun hassas bir şekilde 50 pg/mL'ye kadar inebildiği bulunmuştur. Desorpsiyon için 0,5 M NaCl çözeltisi kullanılmış ve %98 geri kazanım sağlanmıştır. Adsorpsiyon-desorpsiyon döngüsü 10 kez tekrarlanmış ve adsorpsiyon kapasitesinde önemli bir değişiklik gözlenmemiştir. NP'lerin seçiciliği, moleküler yapı, şekil ve boyut açısından Ang II'ye benzer yarışmacı moleküller olan Anjiyotensin I (Ang I) ve Vasopressin (Vsp) varlığında değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, Ang II-MIPnp'in Ang II molekülü için yüksek seçicilik ve duyarlılığa sahip olduğunu ve sentezlenen nanomalzemenin tekrar kullanılabilir olduğunu göstermektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Anjiyotensin II, Nanopartiküller, Moleküler baskılanmış polimerler, Renin-Anjiyotensin-Aldosteron sistemi (RAAS).
Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure. It is part of the renin-angiotensin system that regulates blood pressure. The role of Ang II on cardiovascular balance is quite large. Due to its relationship with scientifically proven cardiovascular diseases, it is an important biomarker in blood serum for the detection of diseases. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are affinity-based polymeric support materials that enable the recognition of a specific target molecule with high selectivity. Molecular imprinting method is a very frequently used reliable technique to quickly and with high selectivity recognize the desired molecule (eg protein, amino acid, peptide, ion, etc.) from a complex environment. Within the scope of this thesis, Ang II imprinted nanoparticles were synthesized by miniemulsion polymerization reaction for the determination of Ang II from aqueous solutions. For the preparation of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) based nanoparticles (NPs), a binary phase mixture was prepared. After Ang II imprinted (Ang II-MIPnp) and non-imprinted nanoparticles (NIPnp) were synthesized, they were characterized by Zeta Size analysis, Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and FTIR-ATR spectrophotometer. Specific surface areas were then calculated. The average particle size of the NPs was recorded as 50 nm. The specific surface areas of Ang II-MIPnp and NIPnp were calculated as 26903.4 and 25868.9 m2/g, respectively. Ang II molecules were successfully removed from the polymeric structure with a 98% success rate using 0.5 M NaCl solution to obtain template-specific cavities in Ang II-MIPnp. Then, the adsorption of Ang II molecules from their aqueous solutions was investigated in terms of their binding capacity to the recognition sites. It has been found that the Ang II adsorption of NPs can go down to 50 pg/mL sensitively. 0.5 M NaCl solution was used for desorption and 98% recovery was achieved. The adsorption-desorption cycle was repeated 10 times and no significant change was observed in the adsorption capacity. The selectivity of NPs was evaluated in the presence of Angiotensin I (Ang I) and Vasopressin (Vsp), which are competitive molecules similar to Ang II in terms of molecular structure, shape and size. The results show that Ang II-MIPnp have high selectivity and sensitivity for Ang II molecule and shows that the synthesized nanomaterial is reusable. Keywords: Angiotensin II, Nanoparticles, Molecular imprinted polymers, Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system (RAAS).
Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure. It is part of the renin-angiotensin system that regulates blood pressure. The role of Ang II on cardiovascular balance is quite large. Due to its relationship with scientifically proven cardiovascular diseases, it is an important biomarker in blood serum for the detection of diseases. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are affinity-based polymeric support materials that enable the recognition of a specific target molecule with high selectivity. Molecular imprinting method is a very frequently used reliable technique to quickly and with high selectivity recognize the desired molecule (eg protein, amino acid, peptide, ion, etc.) from a complex environment. Within the scope of this thesis, Ang II imprinted nanoparticles were synthesized by miniemulsion polymerization reaction for the determination of Ang II from aqueous solutions. For the preparation of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) based nanoparticles (NPs), a binary phase mixture was prepared. After Ang II imprinted (Ang II-MIPnp) and non-imprinted nanoparticles (NIPnp) were synthesized, they were characterized by Zeta Size analysis, Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and FTIR-ATR spectrophotometer. Specific surface areas were then calculated. The average particle size of the NPs was recorded as 50 nm. The specific surface areas of Ang II-MIPnp and NIPnp were calculated as 26903.4 and 25868.9 m2/g, respectively. Ang II molecules were successfully removed from the polymeric structure with a 98% success rate using 0.5 M NaCl solution to obtain template-specific cavities in Ang II-MIPnp. Then, the adsorption of Ang II molecules from their aqueous solutions was investigated in terms of their binding capacity to the recognition sites. It has been found that the Ang II adsorption of NPs can go down to 50 pg/mL sensitively. 0.5 M NaCl solution was used for desorption and 98% recovery was achieved. The adsorption-desorption cycle was repeated 10 times and no significant change was observed in the adsorption capacity. The selectivity of NPs was evaluated in the presence of Angiotensin I (Ang I) and Vasopressin (Vsp), which are competitive molecules similar to Ang II in terms of molecular structure, shape and size. The results show that Ang II-MIPnp have high selectivity and sensitivity for Ang II molecule and shows that the synthesized nanomaterial is reusable. Keywords: Angiotensin II, Nanoparticles, Molecular imprinted polymers, Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system (RAAS).
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyomühendislik Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Biyomühendislik, Bioengineering
