Opportunities for the Recovery of Rare Earth Elements from Mining Tailings and Urban Mining
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Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Springer Nature
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
The use of Rare earth element(s) (REE) in high technology in the world is becoming more and more important day by day. This importance has caused REEs used in high technology to be declared in the critical raw material lists of many countries or country groups, especially the European Union (EU), and their criticality and strategic level have increased. The EU is dependent on many countries around the world for REE supplies. Due to their use of high technology, this dependence will continue for decades. Taking this into consideration, the EU has given great importance to the recovery of these REEs in recent years. However, the recovery of these REEs from mining and industrial tailings/wastes is not sufficient for the annual REE needs of these countries. At this point, the recovery of REEs in abandoned mine deposits, which contain high amounts of REEs in many mine residues, attracts the attention of countries using high technology in terms of REE supply. In this regard, studies that determine the amounts and grade characteristics and feasible methods of REEs that can be recovered from mine tailings can contribute to reducing the REE supply risk. Thus, these new findings will be able to contribute to the REE supply of many countries, especially EU countries that produce high technology. In this study, recovery opportunities of REEs from mining residues and urban wastes were evaluated. An attempt has been made to clarify the issue of REE recovery from urban waste in the world and to find an answer to the question of whether REE can be supplied without opening a mining operation. In addition, this study reviewed the literature on the environmentally responsible management of WEEE for recycling. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Mine tailing, REE recovery, Tailings management, Tailings recovery, WEEE management, WEEE recovery
Kaynak
Trash Or Treasure: Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Waste Management
