Assessing the dynamic nexus between international trade, foreign direct investment, economic growth, and climate change within the EKC framework

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dc.authoridFUMEY, MICHAEL PROVIDE/0009-0000-3213-2233
dc.authoridÇALISKAN ÇAVDAR, SEYMA/0000-0003-2148-3622
dc.contributor.authorFumey, Michael Provide
dc.contributor.authorYeboah, Evans
dc.contributor.authorBekun, Festus Victor
dc.contributor.authorGunduz, Selim
dc.contributor.authorCavdar, Seyma Caliskan
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-27T07:33:33Z
dc.date.available2026-02-27T07:33:33Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractThis study explores the dynamic relationship between trade, foreign direct investment (FDI), population growth, carbon emissions, exchange rates, and economic growth for Ghana from 1990 to 2020 using the annual frequency. The study employs the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model, augmented with variance decomposition, impulse response, and causality tests to estimate both the short-run and long-run effects of the variables. The empirical results shows that FDI and CO2 emissions have a positive long-run impact on economic growth, while exchange rate volatility and trade openness have a negative short-run impact on economic growth. The term for the error correction confirmed the presence of a stable equilibrium in the long run. Furthermore, the results show that the economic growth of Ghana remains associated with a higher environmental pollution, reflecting the first phase of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis. The growth in population has marginal but persistent impacts from the impulse response models, showing that the population pressure without productivity increases in the short term. Additionally, the model converges at eight to ten periods, a result which shows that the economy adjusts to exogenous shocks, and returns to the long-run equilibrium as time progresses. Policy suggestions also incline towards further promoting green investment channels, environmental regulations, and adjusting trade and FDI policies in order to promote sustainable development.
dc.identifier.doi10.1177/0958305X251410121
dc.identifier.issn0958-305X
dc.identifier.issn2048-4070
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305X251410121
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14669/4637
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001650940200001
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSAGE Publications Ltd
dc.relation.ispartofEnergy & Environment
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_20260302
dc.subjectInternational trade
dc.subjectforeign direct investment
dc.subjectclimate change
dc.subjecteconomic growth
dc.subjectsustainable development
dc.subjectEKC
dc.titleAssessing the dynamic nexus between international trade, foreign direct investment, economic growth, and climate change within the EKC framework
dc.typeArticle; Early Access

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