Topical delivery of Niaouli essential oil nanoemulsion via Chitosan: Polyvinyl alcohol patches: A promising antimicrobial strategy for potential biomedical applications

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dc.contributor.authorDemir, Didem
dc.contributor.authorIpek, Semih Latif
dc.contributor.authorKahraman, Oskay
dc.contributor.authorDagli, Sibel
dc.contributor.authorCeylan, Seda
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-27T07:33:40Z
dc.date.available2026-02-27T07:33:40Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstractNiaouli essential oil (NEO), selected as a bioactive compound, is a volatile oil known for its antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities. To overcome the limitations associated with direct use of NEO, nanoemulsion formulations were developed, aiming for stability, long-term release, and controlled use. In this study, NEO nanoemulsions (NEO-NEs) were prepared, incorporated into a polymeric matrix, and evaluated for their potential use as antimicrobial patches. Three different oil-in-water emulsion formulations were produced, and the droplet size analyses were performed. Thin polymeric films were produced as carrier matrices for the optimal NEO-NEs formulation. Polymer matrices based on chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were physicochemically characterized in the presence of different volumes of NEO-NEs (10, 20, and 30 mu L). The sample containing 20 mu L of NEO-NEs exhibited a homogeneous morphology and achieved a swelling ratio of approximately 300 times its initial weight without compromising structural stability. Both direct and indirect cytotoxicity tests demonstrated that the NEO-NEs additive had no adverse effect on the biocompatibility. GC-MS analysis identified the main components of NEO, revealing a rich terpenoid composition that exhibited timedependent antioxidant activity. Release studies showed a controlled, stable, and sustained release profile over 48 h. Microbiological evaluations showed high antifungal activity, particularly against Candida albicans. Overall, the findings of this study highlight the significant potential of NEO-incorporated polymeric adhesive patches for the prevention of fungal infections.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jddst.2026.107992
dc.identifier.issn1773-2247
dc.identifier.issn2588-8943
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2026.107992
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14669/4668
dc.identifier.volume117
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001667963800002
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararas� Hakemli Dergi - Kurum ��retim Eleman�
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_20260302
dc.subjectNiaouli essential oil
dc.subjectNanoemulsion
dc.subjectPolyvinyl alcohol
dc.subjectChitosan
dc.subjectSolvent casting
dc.subjectTissue engineering
dc.titleTopical delivery of Niaouli essential oil nanoemulsion via Chitosan: Polyvinyl alcohol patches: A promising antimicrobial strategy for potential biomedical applications
dc.typeArticle

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