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    A School Bus Routing Problem Using Genetic Algorithm by Reducing the Number of Buses
    (IEEE, 2019) Umit, Ummu Gulsum; Kılıç, Fatih
    The aim of transportation and distribution system is to provide the lowest costs and to increase performance by using reasonable and environmental methods. To achieve this goal, the optimization is supplied using technological systems. By increasing the number of students the distance between their houses and schools also goes up. As a result of this, the transportation of students to schools by school buses has become a part of transportation and distribution system. Like the other transportation and distribution systems, the transporting of students to schools faces with some restrictions and subproblems. School Bus Routing Problem (SBRP) is a group of combined optimization problem because of sub-problems such as transporting of disable or normal students to schools, wasting the time of students in traffic and waiting time of student at school, getting the school on time etc. In this study, the problems like the cost of purchasing buses, employing drivers and their assistants, fixing and also fuel costs which cause increasing the global cost of SBRP are aimed to be decreased by lowering the number of buses. At the end of this optimization, by reducing the number of buses, the problem of traffic jam, air and sound pollution will be solved at the same time and an environmental transportation and distribution system will be supplied. In genetic algorithm, by using two instances which contained heterogeneous fleet and applying a new crossover operator, the number of used buses and the global cost decreased consequently.