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Öğe A Desolate Village in East Anatolia: Tugut (Cigdemli)(Univ Mediterranea Reggio Calabria, 2020) Umar, Nur; Darendeli, Tugce[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Assessing community awareness for participatory conservation of cultural heritage: the case of Tepebag Tumulus and its surroundings in Adana Turkey(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2023) Umar, Nur; Yuceer, Hulya; Aydin, RozelinPurpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the levels of awareness of locals about conservation and cultural heritage, in order to develop suggestions and methods for them to participate in these processes. Design/methodology/approach The method of research is based on face-to-face surveys, mainly questionnaires that were conducted with 1,200 local people. The data obtained was evaluated using the SPSS 25.0.0 V program. Findings The results show that locals mainly find appropriate the assets that reflect their culture but disregard archaeological remains. The participation of locals in the conservation process will end up benefiting them economically. Social implications It is currently accepted that effective conservation cannot be achieved unless its technical considerations are considered together with social and cultural aspects. Ensuring the participation of local people in the conservation process has proved to be important in the development of holistic and sustainable outcomes. In places, where multilayered cultural heritage exists and local residents are from different cultural backgrounds, a detailed assessment of cultural heritage perception that involves local people gains significance. Originality/value It is project-based in the sense of adding the dimension of community awareness to the practice of cultural heritage conservation in the multilayered and multicultural places.Öğe Development of Late Ottoman Health Structures and Investigation on Adana Province Sample(Istanbul University Press, 2020) Umar, Nur; Sari, Fatma ZehraHaving adopted an understanding of a social state, the Anatolian Turkish States attached great importance to public health and built their health centres accordingly. The Turks, influenced by Islamic civilization, combined the word 'dar' which stood for 'home' in Arabic, and 'şifa' which meant 'recovery' and 'cure', and gave the name darüşşifa to these institutions providing public health care. After serving the Turkish society for centuries, darüşşifas were not able to adapt to the technical conditions of modern medicine, and were replaced by "hastane"s - a name borrowed from Persian with an Ottoman influence, first coined by Ahmet Vefik Pasha in 1876. In this study, after an investigation of how Ottoman health centres developed and were transformed from "darüşşifa" to "hastane", the health structures of the Late Ottoman Period were evaluated with examples chosen particularly from the province of Adana. Within the scope of the study, architectural projects attained through literature were evaluated, theses and articles written on the subject were examined, and the Ottoman archives were consulted. The study aims to track the progress of Ottoman health institutions with respect to emerging requirements and provide a mass collection identifying late period hospital structures. © 2020 The authors.Öğe EARLY REPUBLIC PERIOD MALATYA STATION BUILDINGS(University of Cantabria - Building Technology R&D Group, 2022) Sarı, Fatma Zehra; Umar, NurWith the industrial revolution, important developments in world history have occurred. Railway transportation, which was an important technological development of the period, brought along many economic and political developments. This development was also reflected in urban areas and architecture to a large extent. This technological development that emerged in the 19th century caused the formation of station buildings, as a new building type. The Ottoman Empire, which did not have the financial and economic structure to realize the new transportation system as opposed to the rapidly developing West, transferred the construction and operation of the railway to foreign operators. The transportation network in the hands of foreign companies led to practices countering Ottoman interests. Railways and train stations the independent Republic of Turkey inherited from the Ottoman Empire are the reflection of the modernization approach of the country in the Early Republican Period. In this context, the station buildings, telling about the historical process of the period in which they were built, became the language of the city for that particular period. Malatya, one of the eastern provinces of Turkey has been the gateway and crossroads of Anatolia and the Middle East since the ancient times. The oldest transportation route in the East; is the road that connects Erzurum via Malatya& Sivas and from there leads to the Caucasus. Being located at a junction point for transportation, Malatya has also become one of the most important centres for railway transportation in Anatolia. In this study, the station buildings in the province of Malatya, which were built in the early years of the Republic will be determined and their brief descriptions will be given. The aim is to examine the architectural features of the determined station structures in terms of plan, façade, ornament, style, construction technique, and preservation status in periodical integrity and to contribute to other researchers by creating a catalogue. © 2022, University of Cantabria - Building Technology R&D Group. All rights reserved.Öğe Examination of Late Ottoman and Early Republic Period Public Structures Through the City of Malatya(Istanbul University Press, 2023) Sari, Fatma Zehra; Umar, NurIn the 19thcentury, with the Tanzimat Period, the innovation movements were seen effectively in terms of social and administrative aspects. Changes in the administrative aspects have revealed new building types suitable for their functions such as post offices, government offices, prisons, which were not seen until then. The trend of change that started last period of the Ottoman Empire continued after the establishment of the Republic. Malatya, which is a crossroads in terms of its location, was one of the provinces of the Ottoman Empire during the Westernization Period. Malatya was a sanjak connected to Diyarbakir and Mamuret-ul-Aziz Provinces at different times; in the Republican Period, it became a province. In this study, the architectural features and conservation status of the public buildings of the Late Ottoman and Early Republican Periods in the center of today's Malatya province with the effects of these structures on the change and development of the city were examined. The study started with a literature and archive review and then continued with fieldwork. The study aims to contribute to the fields of architectural history, urban history, and architectural conservation by evaluating the development of public buildings in Malatya city, which was one of the provincial centers of the Ottoman Empire in line with their needs. In addition, the study aimed to provide clear and permanent guidance for other researchers. © 2023 EManuscript Technologies. All rights reserved.Öğe KAMUSAL ALANLARIN SÜREKLİLİĞİNİN SAĞLANMASINDA KENTSEL BELLEĞİN ROLÜ: TARSUS TARİHİ TİCARET MERKEZİ ÖRNEĞİ(2023) Deniz, Merve; Umar, NurTarih boyunca kamusal alanlar, kentli tarafından en çok kullanılan mekânlar olup buralarda bireyler arasında iletişim kurulması kentin kimliğinin şekillenmesine katkı sağlamıştır. Bu alanlardan biri olan tarihi ticaret merkezlerinde ise toplum, ihtiyaçlarını karşılarken beraberinde sosyalleşmiş ve önemli gördüğü öğeleri belleğine kaydetmiştir. Araştırmada ele alınan Tarsus Tarihi Ticaret Merkezi, Tarsus kentinin liman özelliğini kaybetmesi ve yerleşimin kent merkezinin başka bölgeye kayması ile eski işlevselliğini kaybetmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kamusal alanların sürekliliğinde kentsel belleğin yerini Tarsus Tarihi Ticaret Merkezi örneği üzerinden araştırmaktır. Bu bağlamda; mekân kullanıcılarının deneyimleri, bilgileri, hatıraları, tarihi merkezin kamusal ve yöresel özellikleri dikkate alınarak geneli 65 yaş ve üstü olan kentliyle kentsel belleğin değerlendirilmesi için anket tekniği ‘gözlem altında yanıtlama yöntemi’ ile yapılmıştır. Bellek mekânlarının tespitine katkı sağlaması için günümüzdeki işlev paftası ile Tarsus Kudeb tarafından hazırlanan eski döneme ait işlev haritası çakıştırılarak fonksiyonu değişmeyen yapılar tespit edilmiş, alanı deneyimleyen bireylerle sözlü görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler makale kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir.Öğe Tarsus Tarihi Ticaret Merkezinin Kentsel Mekân Düzeninde Değerlendirilmesi ve Koruma Önerileri(2023) Deniz, Merve; Umar, NurBir devinim halinde olan kentler değişip gelişirken bünyelerinde konumlanan mekânların söz konusu değişimlerden etkilenmesi kaçınılmazdır. Bu mekânlardan biri kent merkezleridir. Çalışma kapsamında ele alınan Tarsus kentinin ılıman iklimi, stratejik konumu ve limanının varlığı kentin önemli bir ticaret merkezi durumuna gelmesine katkı sağlamıştır. Ancak 19. yüzyılda Mersin’in liman kent olarak öne çıkmasıyla Tarsus geri planda kalmış ve zamanla ilçe statüsüne gerilemiştir. Dolayısıyla yerleşim, ticari faaliyetlerdeki aktifliğini yitirmeye başlamış ve zamanla modern alışveriş merkezlerinin inşa edilmesiyle de kent merkezi başka bölgelere kaymıştır. Böylelikle gittikçe mekânsal ve işlevsel özelliklerini kaybetmiştir. Günümüzde bu merkez Şehitkerim Mahallesi’nde konumlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Tarsus Tarihi Ticaret Merkezi’nin mevcut geleneksel yerleşim dokusunu değerlendirmek ve bölgenin potansiyelleri ile problemlerini tespit edip bu merkezin gelecek kuşaklara aktarılmasına yönelik koruma önerileri geliştirmektir. Araştırma kapsamında çeşitli kaynaklardan literatür taraması yapıldıktan sonra çalışma alanının mekansal analizleri yapılmış ve ardından bu alanın problemleri ile potansiyelleri tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda söz konusu yerleşimin gelecek kuşaklara aktarılması için koruma önerileri geliştirilmiştir.Öğe The current status of levantine architectural heritage in the city of Mersin(University of Cantabria - Building Technology R&D Group, 2020) Umar, Nur; Darendeli, TugceMersin, which is one of the Eastern Mediterranean port cities, is also located in the ancient Cilician Region. Although there is less information about this city, which was known as Zephriuma (Zefirium) in ancient times, then surrounding areas, archaeological studies show that the city was in contact with Anatolian and Mesopotamian cultures. The city, which lost its importance during the Middle Ages, was known as a fishing village where the Turkmen tribes lived in the beginning of the 19th century, and it re-gained its value in the middle of the 19th century. During this period, the port of Tarsus lost its importance due the silting up of the Tarsus river and the Mersin port had started to grow. It is not possible to evaluate the development of Mersin and its transformation into a residential area independently from the port and port trade. The most distinctive feature of the Eastern Mediterranean Port cities is a multicultural society and the presence of European merchants called “Levantine”. In this century, apart from the Levantines, there was an also Maronites coming from the vicinity of Aleppo, Arabs, Greeks and Armenians, as well as Jews, Chaldeans, Syrians and other non-Muslim communities. Within the scope of this study, the current status of Levantine architectural heritage in Mersin city center and the preservation problems of them will be investigated. The aim of the study is to contribute to the preservation, introduction and transfer of the cultural heritage to the future. Literature review and on-site examinations are envisioned as the working method. Then, the obtained data will be evaluated and presented. © 2020, University of Cantabria - Building Technology R&D Group. All rights reserved.
