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    Comparative analysis of Multiple linear Regression (MLR) and Adaptive Network-Based fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS) methods for vibration prediction of a diesel engine containing NH3 additive
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Cagil, Gultekin; Guller, Sena Nur; Unlu, Ayse; Boyukdibi, Omer; Tuccar, Gokhan
    With the increase in population, the need for fuel has led researchers to search for alternative green fuels. The leading of these alternatives is Ammonia (NH3), which minimizes carbon emission as opposed to petroleum derivatives that contain carbon, primarily when used as fuel. In this study, NH3 was mixed with sunflower biodiesel in different volumetric ratios and burned at varying engine speeds using a diesel engine, recording experimental vibration data in the engine block. With these obtained data, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Adaptive-Network Based Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS) methods were used to compare the two methods by examining the effect of inputs on output and the factors affecting output. In this context, a total of 5 variables, namely NH3 additive rate, x-axis (m/s2), y-axis (m/s2), RMS (m/s2), and Engine Speed (m/s), were used as inputs in both models and the dependent variable z-axis (m/s2) was estimated. For this purpose, first of all, estimation was carried out with MLR method, then different models were created with ANFIS method, and the prediction performances of both methods were calculated. In the performance evaluation of the test data, R2 (certainty coefficient) value for MLR was found as 0.58, Mean Squared Error (MSE) was 10.61, Mean Absolute Error (MAE) was 2.43, and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) was 3.25, while R2 value for ANFIS was calculated as 0.86, MSE 3.85, MAE 1.25 and RMSE 1.96. When both methods are compared in terms of performance, it is seen that ANFIS gives better results than MLR.
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    Effect of hydroxy gas enrichment on vibration, noise and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with Foeniculum vulgare oil biodiesel and diesel fuel
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2018) Tuccar, Gokhan
    Gaseous fuels can be used in diesel engines to improve combustion and obtain more favorable emission. Vibration and noise formation in diesel engines is a rather complex phenomenon which is created during combustion of fuels and leads to a reduction in vehicle comfort. Although there are studies in the literature that examine the noise and vibration of the diesel engine using different biofuels, there is no study that thoroughly examines the effect of combined utilization of Foeniculum vulgare oil biodiesel (FVB) and hydroxy gas (HHO) on vibration, noise and combustion characteristics. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of FVB, a promising biodiesel feedstock, and HHO dual fuel operation on vibration, noise and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine. The vibration, noise and emission data obtained by the use of diesel fuel were taken as a reference and the effects of FVB and HHO mixture utilization on vibration, noise and emission formation were examined. The results show that the total vibration and noise generated by the engine was decreased by the use of FVB. In addition, the utilization of HHO together with biodiesel further reduced the engine vibration and noise according to experimental data. According to exhaust emission formation measurements, the minimum carbon monoxide values were obtained when the engine was fueled with HHO and FVB mixtures. However, CO2 and NOX emissions increased with the combination of HHO and FVB usage.
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    Emission and engine performance analysis of a diesel engine using hydrogen enriched pomegranate seed oil biodiesel
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2018) Tuccar, Gokhan; Uludamar, Erinc
    The aim of this study is to determine the availability of pomegranate seed oil biodiesel (POB) as an alternative fuel in diesel engines and evaluate engine performance and emission characteristics of pure hydrogen enriched POB using diesel engine. For this purpose, the intake manifold of the test engine was modified and hydrogen enriched intake air was supplied throughout the experiments. Physical properties of POB and its blend with diesel fuel were also determined. The results showed that measured physical properties of POB are comparable with diesel fuel. According to engine performance experiments, although POB utilization has slight undesirable effects on some engine performance parameters such as brake power output and specific fuel consumption, it can be used as alternative fuel in diesel engines, by this way CO emission can be improved. Finally, hydrogen enrichment experiments indicated that pure hydrogen addition causes a slight improvement in both engine performance and exhaust emissions. (C) 2017 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Evaluation of vibration characteristics of a hydroxyl (HHO) gas generator installed diesel engine fuelled with different diesel-biodiesel blends
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2017) Uludamar, Erinc; Tosun, Erdi; Tuccar, Gokhan; Yildizhan, Safak; Calik, Ahmet; Yildirim, Sefa; Serin, Hasan
    There are two main reasons of alternative fuel search of scientists: environmental problems resulted from combustion of fossil fuels and limited reserves of crude oil. Biodiesel and Hydrogen (H-2) are two of the most promising alternative fuels with their environmental friendly combustion profiles. The aim of this study was to evaluate vibration level of a hydroxyl (HHO) gas generator installed and diesel engine using different kinds of biodiesel fuels. In this study, at different flow rates, the effect of HHO gas addition on engine vibration performance was investigated with a Mitsubishi Canter 4D34 -2A diesel engine. HHO gas introduced to the test engine via its intake manifold with 2, 4 and 6 L per minute (LPM) flow rates when the engine was fuelled with sunflower, canola, and corn biodiesels. The vibration data was collected between 1200 and 2400 rpm engine speeds by 300 rpm intervals. Finally, artificial neural network (ANN) approach was conducted in order to predict the effect of fuel properties and HHO amount on engine vibration level. (C) 2017 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Evaluation of watermelon seed biodiesel as an alternative fuel in diesel engines
    (Gazi Univ, Fac Engineering Architecture, 2017) Abdulvahitoglu, Asli; Tuccar, Gokhan
    The exiguity of oil forces scientists to investigate new energy resources and biodiesel became one of the most popular alternative fuel since it can be obtained from renewable sources. The aim of this study is to evaluate availability of watermelon seed oil biodiesel (WMB) in diesel engines as alternative fuel. In this work, some physical fuel properties of obtained WMB and its blend with diesel fuel from %20 to %80 by volume (WMB20) were tested. The measured fuel property values were density, cetane number, viscosity, pour point and flash point. In addition, test fuels were utilized in a diesel engine in order to evaluate effect of WMB usage on engine performance parameters and exhaust emissions such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. According to engine performance experiments results; although both torque and brake power values of the test engine were slightly decreased, emission values were improved with WMB utilization. Therefore, the ester of water melon seed oil is advised to be a suitable alternative fuel additive to diesel fuel with its environmental friendly combustion profile.
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    Experimental investigation and artificial neural networks (ANNs) based prediction of engine vibration of a diesel engine fueled with sunflower biodiesel - NH3 mixtures
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2021) Boyukdipi, Omer; Tuccar, Gokhan; Soyhan, Hakan Serhad
    Ammonia (NH3) has a high utilization potential in the world's fuel sectors. Therefore, it is recognized as an important alternative according to other conventional fuels. Besides, the fuel additive is intensively used to eliminate the deficiencies in engine emission, performance, and etc. This study was experimentally conducted to explore the effects of NH3 as a fuel additive on engine vibration parameter. In the scope of this study, NH3 was blended into the sunflower biodiesel at volumetric ratios of 5%, 10%, and 15%. Besides, all mixtures (B95A5, B90A10, and B85A15) were combusted under no-load conditions in varying engine speed (1200-2400 rpm) by using Mitsubishi Canter 4D31 diesel engine. Experimental vibration data were recorded with the accelerometer sensor placed on the engine block for all NH3 ratios. Artificial neural networks (ANN) model was generated to predict the experimental vibration results. Vibration data in the x-axis, y-axis, R (resultant), time (second), and engine speed (rpm) were considered as the input parameters to predict z-axis vibration data. Therefore, the z-axis was selected as the target parameter. All experimental vibration data was compared with the predicted vibration data and a high accuracy rate has been achieved in this study. As a result of the vibration experiments, the increment was observed in the vibration data when the NH3 additive was gradually increased. In this sense, it has been revealed that the NH3 additive in the sunflower biodiesel negatively affected the engine vibration. An apparent vibration change was observed for all the NH3 additive depending on the varying engine speed. The highest and lowest vibration data were respectively recorded as 12.96 m/s(2) and 9.12 m/s(2) for 15% and 5% NH3 additive. Besides, the accuracy rates of the generated ANNs models were respectively calculated as 99.206%, 99.675%, and 99.505% for the sunflower biodiesel blended with 5%, 10%, and 15% NH3 additive.
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    Experimental study on vibration and noise characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with mustard oil biodiesel and hydrogen gas mixtures
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Tuccar, Gokhan
    Although diesel engines are the most preferred type of internal combustion engines, high levels of vibration and noise formed during combustion of diesel fuel lead to a reduction in vehicle comfort. In this paper, an experimental study was conducted on a diesel engine to explore the effects of dual fuel operation on vibration, noise and exhaust emissions. For this purpose, test engine was fueled with diesel fuel, mustard oil biodiesel (MOB), and a combination of MOB, diesel fuel and hydrogen gas. With reference to vibration, noise and emission data obtained from the use of diesel fuel, the effects of the usage of MOB and hydrogen gas mixtures on vibration, noise and emission formation were examined. Engine vibration and noise levels were found to be significantly reduced with the use of MOB. It was also found that the use of hydrogen gas with MOB has a positive effect on engine vibration and noise. Exhaust emission formation measurements showed that an engine fueled with MOB and hydrogen gas achieves the minimum carbon monoxide values. However, NOx (nitrogen oxide) emissions increased with MOB and hydrogen gas usage due to increased end combustion temperature.