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    Field Investigation on Sub-clinical Mastitis in Cows in Different areas of Barisal district in Bangladesh
    (2018) Meher, Mirza Mienur; Hasan, Aliul; Afrin, Marya
    In every year, Subclinical mastitis (SCM) frequently occurs and results huge economiclosses in livestock industry of Bangladesh. This study was redacted to estimate thepresent status of SCM in cow in selective area of Barisal district. For determining subclinicalmastitis, a total of 152 milk samples of clinically suspected cows were subjectedto White Side Test (WST) and Surf Field Mastitis Test (SFMT). Specifically, the milksamples of each individual cows which were positive to both WST and SFMT consideredas SCM indicating 35.52% prevalence. Other than the local breed cows, the cross bredcows showed significantly higher prevalence, is 47.06%. In consideration to agevariation, highest prevalence was observed at 5 to 7 years of age in both types wherecross breed was 54.71% and 36.67% for local breed cows. Though highest prevalencewas recorded as 34.78% in 2nd parity of local breed cows but the cross breed cowsshowed highest prevalence 54.55% in their 3rd parity. Afterward, non-pregnant cowsshowed the insignificantly higher prevalence (41.06%) than pregnant cows were 26.32%.Additionally, this study reported that the cross breed cows yielding more than 10 liters ofmilk (prevalence was 61.54%) were more prone to SCM than the others and also >5 to 10liters milk producing local breed cows (prevalence was 31.03%) were more susceptible toSCM than others. In a short, this study revealed that high milk yielding cross breed cowsare more likely to SCM after their $3rd$ calving.
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    Investigation of Risk Factors and Biosecurity Measures Associated with Prevalence of Newcastle Disease Virus in Broiler Farms
    (2020) Meher, Mirza Mienur; Islam, Jaisan; Afrın, Marya
    Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the major viral diseases of poultry, remains a constant threat inpoultry farms that causes huge economic losses every year. However, little is known regarding thepotential risk factors of the disease in broiler. The study was undertaken to ascertain the potentialrisk factors and biosecurity measures in ND prevalent broiler farm. A total of 116 broiler farmswere considered as a sample size from a different area of Barishal district of Bangladesh in which19.83% ND prevalence was found. In the findings, the farmers (33.62%) who had training onpoultry farming, were significantly less ND positive case (7.69%). Besides this, among the differentrisk factors and biosecurity measures only shed location, ventilation, vaccination status, feeder andwaterer cleaning frequency, visitors accession, pets in the farm, use of disinfectant and seasonalvariation had significant effect on ND outbreak. However, among all the factors only farmerstraining (OR=0.025; 95% CI: 0.001-0.509), shed location (OR=0.035; 95% CI: 0.003-0.390),vaccination against ND (OR=0.017; 95% CI: 0.001-0.435) and use of disinfectant daily (OR=0.011;95% CI: 0.000-0.294) made a unique statistically significant contribution to the regression modeland the predictors had approximately similar strength on reporting ND outbreak. In completion, NDcan be reduced in broiler farms by improving the level of common biosecurity, farm managementpractices, and minimizing the potential risk factors through training of farmers, awareness buildup, and enforcement of these practices on the farms.
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    Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli Isolated from Raw Dairy Milk
    (2018) Hasan, Abul; Reza, Md. Ahsanur; Rume, Farzana Islam; Meher, Mirza Mienur; Parvej, Md Shafiullah; Anower, Mostafa
    E. coli is one of the most important food borne pathogen, which could be transmitted bymilk and milk products. To assess the role of dairy milk as the source of drug resistant E.coli, we examined 50 raw dairy milk samples (25-farm milk + 25-market milk) fromsome selected areas of Bangladesh by cultural, morphological, biochemical andantimicrobial sensitivity tests. In the preliminary observation, the mean total aerobicmesophilic count of market and farm raw milk samples were 8.98 and 8.68 log CFU/ml,while mean coliform count were 4.20 and 3.03 log CFU/ml respectively. Thirty-three E.coli isolates were recovered from collected samples (66% 33 of 50) and this pathogenwas more prevalent in market milk (76%, 19 of 25) than farm milk (56%, 14 of 25). Inaddition, most of the isolated E. coli exhibited resistance against ampicillin andcefotaxime. This result shows that, the raw dairy milk and its products could be a sourceof human drug resistant E. coli.