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    Enhancing gust load alleviation performance in an optimized composite wing using passive wingtip devices: Folding and Twist approaches
    (Elsevier France-Editions Scientifiques Medicales Elsevier, 2024) Ahmadi, Majid; Farsadi, Touraj; Khodaparast, Hamed Haddad
    This paper introduces an innovative numerical method for the design and optimization of high-aspect-ratio composite wings equipped with passive control systems, specifically, Folding WingTip (FWT) and Twist WingTip (TWT) devices. The aim is to enhance Gust Load Alleviation (GLA) performance in the baseline wing. Recent numerical studies have indicated that the inclusion of spring devices and wingtip modifications can offer additional benefits in alleviating gust loads during flight. The baseline wing is designed using a comprehensive multi-disciplinary optimization framework, taking into account aerostructural constraints and exploiting the anisotropic properties of composite materials. The proposed methodology integrates Finite Element (FE) software, an in-house Reduced Order Model (ROM) framework for nonlinear aeroelastic analyses, and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). This method, implemented in the Nonlinear Aeroelastic Simulation Software (NAS2) package, facilitated the streamlined design of composite wings with optimized aeroelastic and structural performance. The paper is divided into two main parts. Part 1 introduces a Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) approach for high-aspect-ratio composite wings, leading to the development of a baseline wing model. Part 2 evaluates the effectiveness of the FWT and TWT devices in alleviating gust loads on the baseline wing, with a focus on the Root Bending Moment (RBM) as a critical criterion for comparison. In wingtip modeling, geometrical nonlinearity is incorporated, and elastic trim is adjusted in each iteration to accommodate shape changes under load and aerodynamic panel movement is synchronized with structural adjustments.
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    Öğe
    High Aspect Ratio Composite Wings: Geometrically Nonlinear Aeroelasticity, Multi-Disciplinary Design Optimization, Manufacturing, and Experimental Testing
    (Mdpi, 2024) Farsadi, Touraj; Ahmadi, Majid; Sahin, Melin; Khodaparast, Hamed Haddad; Kayran, Altan; Friswell, Michael I.
    In the field of aerospace engineering, the design and manufacturing of high aspect ratio composite wings has become a focal point of innovation and efficiency. These long, slender wings, constructed with advanced materials such as carbon fiber and employing efficient manufacturing methods such as vacuum bagging, hold the promise of significantly lighter aircraft, reduced fuel consumption, and enhanced overall performance. However, to fully realize these benefits, it is imperative to address a multitude of structural and aeroelastic constraints. This research presents a novel aeroelastically tailored Multi-objective, Multi-disciplinary Design Optimization (MMDO) approach that seamlessly integrates numerical optimization techniques to minimize weight and ensure structural integrity. The optimized wing configuration is then manufactured, and a Ground Vibration Test (GVT) and static deflection analysis using the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) system are used to validate and correlate with the numerical model. Within the fully automated in-house Nonlinear Aeroelastic Simulation Software (NAS2) package (version v1.0), the integration of analytical tools offers a robust numerical approach for enhancing aeroelastic and structural performance in the design of composite wings. Nonlinear aeroelastic analyses and tailoring are included, and a population-based stochastic optimization is used to determine the optimum design within NAS2. These analytical tools contribute to a comprehensive and efficient methodology for designing composite wings with improved aeroelastic and structural characteristics. This comprehensive methodology aims to produce composite wings that not only meet rigorous safety and performance standards but also drive cost-efficiency in the aerospace industry. Through this multidisciplinary approach, the authors seek to underscore the pivotal role of tailoring aeroelastic solutions in the advanced design and manufacturing of high aspect ratio composite wings, thereby contributing to the continued evolution of aerospace technology.