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Öğe DETECTION OF VOLATILE COMPOUNDS OF HYACINTH FLOWERS (Hyacinthus orientalis L.) FROM TURKEY(Publ House Bulgarian Acad Sci, 2022) Zarifikhosroshahi, Mozhgan; Ergun, Zeynep; Alp, Sevket; Ozturk, Gulsah YasaHyacinth (Hyacinthus orientalis L.) is one of the most beloved ornamental plants with fragrant flowers. As one of the important bulbous plants, hyacinth is used as a cut flower, potted flower, and garden flower. Due to their unique aroma, hyacinth flowers are used in perfumery especially in France whose per-fume industry is well-known in the world. In this study, Headspace Solid Phase Micro Extraction (HS-SPME) GC/MS (Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrom-etry) technique was used for the analysis of volatile compounds of flower sam-ples. A total of 28 volatile compounds were identified in the fresh flowers of hyacinths. Phenylethyl alcohol, benzyl acetate, a-pinene, and furfural were the major aromas accounting for hyacinth fragrance.Öğe Determination of Biochemical Contents of Fresh, Oven-Dried, and Sun-Dried Peels and Pulps of Five Apple Cultivars (Amasya, Braeburn, Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, and Starking)(Wiley-Hindawi, 2021) Ergun, ZeynepThis study aimed to investigate the biochemical compounds of five different apple cultivars (Amasya, Braeburn, Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, and Starking) grown in the same location and to reveal the differences between peel and pulp in the fresh, oven-dried, and sun-dried samples. Sugar and organic acid contents were analyzed through high-performance liquid chromatography. Besides, antioxidant activity, total flavonoid, and total phenolic contents were analyzed with a spectrophotometer. The results of these analyses showed that the compounds varied between peel and pulp and among fresh, oven-dried, and sun-dried samples. The largest level of total flavonoid was found in Amasya oven-dried peel, and the largest total phenol, antioxidant activity, fructose, and total sugar levels were observed in Amasya sun-dried peel. Moreover, the largest L-ascorbic acid was detected in Amasya oven-dried pulp. Granny Smith oven-dried pulp was rich in citric, succinic acids, and glucose. Braeburn sun-dried pulp, Golden Delicious oven-dried pulp, and Granny Smith sun-dried pulp contained the largest sucrose, malic acid, and total soluble solids levels, respectively. For data interpretation, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan's test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and principal component analysis were performed. The peel contained significantly higher total flavonoid, total phenol, and antioxidant activity than pulp. Moreover, among fresh, oven-dried, and sun-dried samples, total phenol, succinic acid, malic acid, and L-ascorbic acid significantly differed. As a whole, the pulp was rich in sugars. The results provide valuable information on the food quality parameters of five different apple cultivars. It was demonstrated that consuming apple with its peel is healthier (in terms of total flavonoid, total phenol, antioxidant activity parameters, and L-ascorbic acid), and drying (especially the sun-drying method) is an effective food storage method for apples.Öğe Determination of Fatty Acid Composition of Seed and Tuber Oils of Eminium rauwolffii (Blume) Schott var. rauwolffii(2021) Ergun, ZeynepIn this study, the Eminium rauwolffii (Blume) Schott var. rauwolffii taxon’s tubers and seeds from Turkey were evaluated for their fatty acids. The seed and tuber oil content (%) and fatty acid compositions were determined. The oil contents of the seeds and tubers were 2.89/100 g and 0.86/100 g, respectively. Among the fatty acids for seeds, linoleic acid (18:2n6) was the most abundant (25.01%), followed by oleic acid (18:1n9, 14.45%), palmitoleic acid (16:1, 11.6%), and palmitic acid (16:0, 10.28%). In addition, among the fatty acids for tubers, linoleic acid (18:2n6c) was the most abundant (26.22%), followed by palmitic acid (23.42%, 16:0), oleic acid (16.78%, 18:1n9), and myristic acid (7.05%, 14:0). The total percentages of the saturated and unsaturated fatty acids identified in our examined oils were 14.17 and 55.89% for seed and 44.71 and 45.87% for tubers, respectively. In conclusion, the seed and tuber oil of Eminium rauwolffii (Blume) Schott var. rauwolffii is richer in unsaturated fatty acids compared with saturated fatty acids.Öğe Quantitative variation of phenolic compounds in different tissues of pistachio ( Pistacia vera L. cv. Uzun) associated with alternate bearing(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2024) Guney, Mujgan; Gundesli, Muhammet Ali; Guney, Murat; Kafkas, Nesibe Ebru; Kafkas, Salih; Ergun, ZeynepAlternate bearing is a common challenge in horticultural plants, leading to irregular yield in successive years. The potential role of phenolic compounds in regulating this phenomenon, however, is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of phenolic compounds in alternate bearing in pistachio trees by analysing samples from different parts of the Uzun cultivar over two consecutive years. Seven phenolic compounds (gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, catechin, and quercetin) were analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography at 10-day intervals. Significant variations were observed in the levels of certain phenolic compounds between ON and OFF years, suggesting a potential role for these compounds in alternate bearing. Ferulic acid exhibited a significant decrease in leaves and shoots, indicating its translocation to the nuts, leading to a sharp decline during the nut lignification process. A negative and significant correlation between ferulic and caffeic acid levels was observed in the ON and OFF years, which may be linked to the alternate bearing and kernel development process in pistachio. These findings provide valuable insights into the role of phenolic compounds in regulating alternate bearing in pistachio trees and could inform future strategies for enhancing pistachio yields and quality.Öğe Seed oil content and fatty acid profiles of endemic Phoenix theophrasti Greuter, Phoenix roebelenii O'Brien, Phoenix caneriensis Hort. Ex Chabaud, and Phoenix dactylifera L. grown in the same locality in Turkey(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2021) Ergun, ZeynepPlants-based oils and fats usually obtained from seeds have been indispensable substances for mankind, both in nutritional and industrial respect. This study aimed to determine the total amount of oil and the fatty acid compositions of Phoenix theophrasti Greuter, P. roebelenii O'Brien, P. caneriensis Hort. Ex Chabaud, and P. dactylifera L. The seeds of these four Phoenix species were collected from the same location, east Mediterranean agroecological conditions when the fruits were fully ripened, which means the environmental factors that may affect the oil content and the fatty acid compositions were controlled. The highest oil content of the samples was obtained from P. caneriensis (8.435 g/100 g) and followed by P. dactylifera (6.400 g/100 g), P. roebelenii (5.130 g/100 g), and P. theophrasti (4.730 g/100 g), respectively. The dominant fatty acids detected in the seed oils were oleic acid (C18:1n9c, 35.080-46.625%), lauric acid (C12:0, 26.160-18.055%), myristic acid (C14:0, 12.670-10.335%), linoleic acid (Cl8:2n6c, 13.295-7.990%), and palmitic acid (C16:0, 11.355-7.590%) for all four species. To the best of the knowledge, this study is the first to reveal the total oil amount of the seeds of P. theophrasti and P. roebelenii, and also the fatty acid composition of P. roebelenii.Öğe The effect of different climatic zones on fatty acid profile of Ricinus communis seed oil(2022) Ergun, Zeynep; Zarıfıkhosroshahı, MozhganCastor bean has not been well studied in different genotypes and geographic zones despite its application in industry and medicine. Recently, the use of castor beans as biodiesel and industry makes this plant a point of interest for researchers. However, more studies are needed for evaluating genotypes from different ecologies. The effect of climatic zones, Adana and Mersin, on the fatty acid profile of chaster bean seed oils was investigated. It was found that locations significantly influenced the fatty acid content. The main fatty acid was ricinoleic acid with 84.63% and 86.87% in both Adana and Mersin locations, respectively. Despite ricinoleic acid, Adana had higher concentrations of Palmitic acid (1.97%), Stearic acid (2.1%), Oleic acid (4.4%), and Palmitoleic acid (2.29%) whereas Linolenic acid (5.83%), and Ricinoleic acid (86.87%) was high in Mersin. These results showed that climate affects the fatty acid contents of studied caster oil. This study will help in the selection of proper caster oil cultivars not only in these regions but in other regions of the world as well.Öğe The Effect of Maturation Status on Fatty Acid Profile of Xanthium strumarium L. Fruits Oil(2022) Zarıfıkhosroshahı, Mozhgan; Ergun, ZeynepCocklebur is a very precious medicinal plant due to its biochemical contents with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antioxidants. It can also be evaluated as a source of energy. Cocklebur seeds and seed oil is not edible and contains 67% more biomass than cotton. Therefore, it can be evaluated as a sustainable energy source. Recently, the use of cocklebur as biodiesel makes this plant a point of interest for researchers. However, more studies are needed for evaluating factors that affect the quality of this kind of oil for the desired application. The fatty acid profile of matured and immature oil of cocklebur whole fruits including seeds from Osmaniye province in Turkey was investigated in this study. Although the main fatty acid in the immature sample was oleic acid with 50.17%, its amount (25.96%) decreased in mature sample oil converting linoleic acid which is the major fatty acid of cocklebur seed oil. Mature fruit oil had a higher amount of USFA (81.34%) than immature fruit oil (56.09%). These results showed that maturation status significantly affected the concentration and rates of fatty acids in studied Cocklebur. This study will help international researchers evaluate qualified seed oils for application in industry and biodiesel production.Öğe THE EFFECT OF STORAGE ON THE FATTY ACID COMPOSITION AND OIL CONTENT OF Cucurbita pepo L. SEEDS(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2021) Ergun, ZeynepThe fatty acid composition and the oil content of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) seeds were studied to determine what, if any, changes occurred following ten years' storage at 25oC. The first sample was extracted from seeds harvested in 2007, while the second sample was extracted from seeds harvested in 2017. The fatty acid profile was analyzed by means of the gas chromatography method. A decrease in the oil content of 6.75 g (g/100) was observed after the seeds had been stored for ten years. Moreover, the fatty acid composition was also changed. For the seeds harvested in 2017, the dominant fatty acids were linoleic acid C18:2n6 (53.24%), oleic acid C18:1n9 (27.33%), and palmitic acid C16:0 (11.26%). However, the dominant fatty acids in the seeds harvested in 2007 were oleic acid C18:1n9 (45.80%), linoleic acid C18:2n6 (34.10%), and palmitic acid C16:0 (12.09%). As a result of ten years' storage, the oleic acid and palmitic acid levels increased, whereas the linoleic acid and stearic acid levels decreased. Important differences were detected between the samples in terms of the linoleic acid and oleic acid contents of the oils. The dominant fatty acids in both seed samples were observed to be linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid. The results were interpreted in terms of nutritional quality and biodiesel quality.Öğe The Effect of Storage Temperature on the Composition of Fatty Acids in Crimson Sweet (Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus) Watermelon Cultivar Seeds(2021) Zarıfıkhosroshahı, Mozhgan; Ergun, ZeynepCrimson Sweet is one of the favorite watermelon cultivars with high sugar content and great flavor containing small and dark seeds. Both fruit flesh and seeds have high nutrition content. In order to evaluate new sources of oil for the growing population, watermelon seed oil is used in some nations. Therefore, it was aimed to determine the fatty acid profile of differentially stored Crimson Sweet watermelon seed oil in this study. The results indicated that seeds are rich in Omega 6 fatty acid (40.62-42.34%). The amount of this essential fatty acid was higher at samples stored at 4oC. Palmitic, oleic, and stearic acids are the main fatty acids followed by linoleic acid in Crimson Sweet watermelon, respectively. Moreover, the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acids was determined as 1.16, 1.20, 1.27 (room temperature, 4oC, and newly harvested, respectively) which are in the desirable range for qualified oil.Öğe The effects of plant growth substances on the oil content and fatty acid composition of Ricinus communis L.: an in vitro study(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2022) Ergun, ZeynepBackground: Ricinus communis L. (castor bean) is valued for its oil and the performance of oil is closely related to its fatty acid composition. Thus, producing oil in vitro with favored fatty acid profiles is a promising research area and may also offer industrial opportunities. Material and Method: In line with this, the total amount of oil and the fatty acid composition of the samples, which were endosperm and calli obtained by treatment of various doses of plant growth regulators were determined. Results: Results showed that the type and amount of the plant growth regulator used in the media affect the fatty acid composition. In detail, the biggest change was shown by Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA), in general, using the plant growth regulators at 5 mg L?1, instead of 20 mg L?1, was found to have induced larger differentiations. The effect of a natural plant growth regulator (IAA) on fatty acid profiles was bigger than the synthetic ones (NAA, 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid, and 2,4 D, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). The media containing 5 mg L?1 of NAA, 20 mg L?1 of NAA, 20 mg L?1 of 2,4 D, or 5 mg L?1 of 2,4 D gave similar results. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
