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    Examining the effect of temperature and thicknesss on polycrystalline semi-conductor CIGS solar cell
    (Y�ld�z Technical Univ, 2025) Erbey, M. Mert; Tumen Ozdil, N. Filiz
    Solar panels can convert the sunlight into electricity, which can be used in industry and homes. Using sunlight which is solar energy is the most plenty renewable energy sources on Earth. We acknowledge the criticism regarding the lack of clarity about the innovation in our article. The main objective of this study is to provide a detailed analysis of the factors influencing the performance of CIGS solar cells, specifically focusing on the impact of temperature and thickness on efficiency of solar cell. SCAPS 1D which is a numerical simulation software that (simulating the electrical properties of thin film heterojunction solar cells, considering both DC and AC characteristics.) has been used in this study of copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cell. In this investigation, the effect of temperature and thickness on efficiency of the solar cells has been investigated. The measurements have been shown and discussed using SCAPS 1D version 3.3.11. The experiment result clearly observed that temperature and thickness diversity directly affect the efficiency of CIGS solar cell. These parameters have been used for CIGS solar cell by electrical properties of I-V measurements. These measurements provide a critical snapshot of the cell's performance under varying operating conditions. By analyzing the I-V curves at different temperatures and thicknesses, the experiment gathered empirical evidence to corroborate our theoretical understanding. The efficiency value for indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cell at 300K (Working point of SCAPS 1D is 300 K and this temperature serves as a convenient reference point for calibrating and comparing models, establishing a consistent starting point for further simulations.) has been found optimum value 10.88%. This study showed that as temperature and thickness rises from 200 K to 350 K and from 1 mu m to 5 mu m, the efficiencies of solar cell decrease from 17.2% to 7.5% for CIGS respectively.
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    Öğe
    Forecasting the European Union's space cooling potential using the cooling degree-day factor (1970-2024)
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2026) Erbey, M. Mert; Ozdil, N. Filiz Tumen
    As heating demand increases in Europe, it is important to know how the balance between heating and cooling demand changes. It is crucial to know how the balance between heating and cooling demand changes. Using hourly ERA5-Land temperature data, this study creates a combined monthly data set for Heating Degree Days (HDD), Cooling Degree Days (CDD) and Cooling Degree Day Factor (CDDF) for all EU-26 countries between 1970 and 2024. This study provides critical information for net-zero and sustainable energy planning by demonstrating climate-induced changes in the heating and cooling balance in Europe from 1970 to 2024. The high-resolution HDD-CDD-CDDF analyses provide direct scientific contributions to policies aimed at increasing energy efficiency and promoting climate-resilient buildings. Statistical run-tests verify that cooling demand has transitioned from randomness to a systematic, recurring seasonal signal. A Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model was used on monthly CDD series to make short-term predictions. Validation during a 24-month hold-out period demonstrated significant predictive capability, with mean absolute errors generally ranging from 5 to 12 degrees-days. Forecasts show that summer cooling plateaus will stay the same in Mediterranean areas and that loads will rise in transitional zones. These results show that Europe is quickly moving toward thermal regimes that are more focused on cooling. The dataset and model provide a replicable basis for climate-responsive architectural design, energy system planning, and the formulation of adaptation policies.