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The influence of trisodium citrate dihydrate complexing agent on the structural, electrical and optical properties of ?-MnS thin films
(Springer, 2023) Budak, Z.; Ulutas, C.; Yilmaz, O.; Cevlik, H. C.; Gunes, M.; Gumus, C.
gamma-MnS films were prepared using trisodium citrate (TSC) complexing agents at different molarity values (0.5, 1 and 1.5 M). Characterization techniques such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), optical absorption spectra, Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Hall Effect were used to determine the properties of the films. As a result of XRD analysis, it was observed that the films prepared with 0.5 M TSC were formed in amorphous structure, while the films prepared with 1 M and 1.5 M TSC were formed in polycrystalline structure and hexagonal phase. In addition, it was determined that the crystallization of the films increased with the increase in the molarity of TSC. The optical gaps of the films were determined as 3.77 eV, 3.44 eV and 3.40 eV, respectively, depending on the increase in molarity of TSC. The refractive index values of the MnS films in the visible region (400-700 nm) were calculated as 1.87, 2.02 and 2.10, respectively. Electrical resistivity and mobility values from Hall Effect measurements were measured as 1.01 x 10(6), 9.68 x 10(5), 4.10 x 10(5) ohm cm and 33.01, 36.93, 56.53 cm(2)/Vs, respectively, depending on the increase in TSC molarity value.