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    Ecotoxicological effects of dietary titanium dioxide nanoparticles on metabolic and biochemical parameters of model organism Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2021) Sugecti, Serkan; Tuncsoy, Benay; Buyukguzel, Ender; Ozalp, Pinar; Buyukguzel, Kemal
    Nanoparticles (NPs) are now being used in many industrial activities, such as mining, paint and glass industries. The frequent industrial use of NPs contributes to environmental pollution and may cause cellular and oxidative damage in native organisms. In this study, the toxic effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) were investigated using Galleria mellonella larvae as a model insect species. Alterations in cell damage indicators, such as alanine transferase, aspartate transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, non-enzymatic antioxidants and biochemical parameters, were determined in the hemolymph of G. mellonella larvae exposed to TiO2 NPs at different concentrations (5, 50, 250 and 1250 mu g/mL) in their diets. TiO2 NPs caused concentration-dependent cellular damage in the hemolymph of G. mellonella larvae and increased the levels of the non-enzymatic antioxidants uric acid and bilirubin. In addition, total protein in hemolymph significantly decreased at the highest concentration (1250 mu g/mL) of TiO2 NPs. Level of the urea increased at the highest concentration (1250 mu g/mL) of TiO2 NPs, whereas the amount of glucose was not affected. These findings demonstrated that TiO2 NPs caused concentration-dependent toxic effects on G. mellonella larvae.
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    Effects of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles on Immune and Metabolic Parameters of Galleria mellonella L
    (Springer, 2021) Tuncsoy, Benay; Sugecti, Serkan; Buyukguzel, Ender; Ozalp, Pinar; Buyukguzel, Kemal
    In this study, the effects of dietary CuO nanoparticles (NPs) on metabolic enzyme activity, biochemical parameters, and total (THC) and differential hemocyte counts (DHC) were determined in Galleria mellonella larvae. Using concentrations of 10, 100, 1000 mg/L and the LC10 and LC30 levels of CuO NPs, we determined that the NPs negatively impacted metabolic enzyme activity and biochemical parameters in larval hemolymph. Compared with the control, the greatest increase in THC was observed in larvae fed on diets with 100 mg L-1 of CuO NPs. Plasmatocytes and granulocytes were among the most numerous hemocytes in all treatments. These results suggest that dietary CuO NPs effects the metabolic metabolism and immune system of G. mellonella and provide indirect information regarding the toxic effects of CuO NPs in mammalian immune system given similarities between mammalian blood cells and insect hemocytes.