Gencoglan, Duygu Nazan2025-04-092025-04-0920250045-79061879-075510.1016/j.compeleceng.2024.110054http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2024.110054https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14669/4255This study presents a novel hybrid reconfigurable antenna design optimized using an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) enhanced with a Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm for L-band, C-band, 5G, and ISM applications. The antenna is fabricated on an FR-4 substrate with dimensions of 17 x 28 x 1.6 mm3, and two PIN diodes are employed to achieve frequency and radiation pattern reconfigurability. In the ON-ON state, the antenna operates in dual bands, covering 1.33-1.38 GHz (L-band) and 3.57-3.95 GHz (C-band). For the OFF-ON state, it operates from 3.56 to 3.95 GHz (C-band, 5G). In the ON-OFF state, it covers 1.50-1.54 GHz (L-band) and 5.66-5.90 GHz (ISM band), while in the OFF-OFF state, it operates from 5.49 to 5.82 GHz (ISM band). The antenna exhibits common bands at 3.8 GHz (C-band) and 5.8 GHz (ISM) across different states, facilitating pattern reconfigurability. ANFIS-SA is applied to optimize the switch locations, significantly improving resonance frequency and S11 performance. The antenna supports beam steering between 0 degrees and 180 degrees, enhancing adaptive coverage for modern applications such as Wi-Fi, Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2 V), and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication. This study addresses a critical gap by combining hybrid optimization techniques to improve frequency agility and radiation pattern control for next-generation wireless systems.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessHybrid reconfigurable antennaANFIS-SAPIN diode switchingArticle123WOS:001399197000001