Sismanoglu, SedefAbed, Luay Duraid AbedMert, Mehmet ErmanDogru Mert, Basak2026-02-272026-02-2720252045-232210.1038/s41598-025-13119-8http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13119-8https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14669/4470Pistachio shell, which has a layered, porous structure, is a natural polymer composed of lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose. This study investigates the catalytic performance of a composite catalyst made from pistachio shell (PS) and Raney Ni (Ra-Ni) in sodium borohydride (NaBH4) hydrolysis for hydrogen production. Characterization techniques, ATR-FTIR, XRD, TGA, and FESEM-EDX, were utilized to analyze the morphology and structure of the catalyst. To assess catalytic performance, the rate of H2 generation was measured using a water displacement method at 298 K. A 0.15 g sample of catalyst, composed of 1:1 weight ratio of Ra-Ni and ball milled PS, was mixed with 100 mL of water and 1 wt% NaBH4. H2 production rate was monitored, providing insights into the catalyst's efficiency and effectiveness. Results demonstrated that the Ra-Ni and PS composite exhibited high catalytic activity, with H2 generation rates of 409 mL g- 1 catalyst after 450 s and 430 mL g- 1 catalyst after 900 s, respectively. Activation energy of Ra-Ni-PS was 23.30 kJ mol- 1. The produced composite has promising potential for H2 production applications via NaBH4 hydrolysis.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessHydrogen productionPistachio shellRaney NiNaBH4 hydrolysisHemicelluloseCelluloseArticle14073105015WOS:001539730100041