Doruk, oemer Tugsal2025-01-062025-01-0620240944-13441614-749910.1007/s11356-024-32155-x2-s2.0-85184513807https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32155-xhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14669/2165This article examines the relationship between electricity consumption and the stock market in the Turkish economy during the COVID-19 pandemic. A novel high-frequency model is used, incorporating the hourly energy consumption and Borsa Istanbul (BIST) National stock market index variables. To determine the effect of electricity consumption on the stock market index and vice versa, a high-frequency VAR-based spillover approach, time-varying Granger causality, and time-varying Bayesian VAR analysis are employed. The findings reveal a positive and weak relationship between electricity consumption and the stock market but it has a time-varying nature in an emerging market context in the post-COVID-19 period in the Turkish economy.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessCOVID-19Electricity consumptionStock marketsTurkish economySpillover indexTime-varying vector autoregressionTime-varying Granger causalityArticle174601138340304Q11744831WOS:001160590300006N/A